Overclock Amd 9950 Black Edition

Overclocking is the process of making a CPU computer processor run much quicker than it normally would. Like with any other AMD 64-bit processor, overclocking AMD's 9950 Black Edition processor can increase its performance by 10 to 15 percent as long as your motherboard supports overclocking. With enhanced cooling, the AMD 9950 BE processor can have a performance increase of up to 25 percent. Overclock your CPU inside your system's BIOS.

Instructions

1. Turn on your computer and enter your system's BIOS by pressing the key that is specifically assigned to allow access to the BIOS when your computer boots (this is clearly noted on the screen). For many computers, it is usually the delete "DEL" key or the escape "ESC" key. When the BIOS screen opens, locate the "Advance Chipset" option.

2. Adjust the AMD "CPU multiplier." Select the setting and adjust the multiplier by one. All changes will be reflected in your system's BIOS. Press the "Save and Exit" key to save your new settings and reboot your PC.

3. Continue to adjust the CPU multiplier by one. After each adjustment, press the "Save and Exit" key to save your new settings and reboot your PC.

4. Continue this process until your PC is no longer stable or fails to boot properly. When this occurs, decrease the "CPU multiplier" by one.

5. Allow your PC to run for about one hour to test its' stability. If your computer starts to freeze or reboots unexpectedly, then your computer is still unstable. If this happens, decrease the "CPU multiplier" by one and try again until your computer can run without crashing.

Tags: your computer, your system BIOS, system BIOS, your system, 9950 Black, 9950 Black Edition

Setup A Bios Asus Pegatron M2n78la

The Pegatron M2n78-LA is an Asus-produced motherboard

The BIOS on a motherboard is the fundamental setup of the computer. BIOS stands for "Basic Input/Output System" and contains the definitions that allow all other hardware to function. The BIOS options allow you to see what hardware is connected to the motherboard, configure which hard drive is the primary hard drive, and set a number of other options. Fortunately, setting this up is relatively easy, requiring primarily keyboard commands.

Instructions

1. Boot or reboot the computer. While it is booting, look for a message at the top of the screen that says "push F10 to enter setup." Push F10.

2. Navigate the screens that appears using the keyboard controls. In this screen, you can set which devices are active, which are primary, and control settings such as time and date.

3. Press F12 to save your changes and exit.

4. If setting up the computer for the first time, install any BIOS updates and drivers that came packaged with the motherboard.

Tags: hard drive

Flash An Xbox 360 Motherboard

Just like standard PCs, Xbox 360 console game units have a motherboard that has a Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) used to store important hardware settings for the machine. Occasionally, Microsoft releases BIOS updates for the Xbox 360 that can resolve compatibility issues and improve performance of the unit. Additionally, many third-party BIOS updates for the Xbox 360 expand the unit's functionality or allow you to play games designed for other console systems. Flashing (updating) the BIOS on an Xbox motherboard is not difficult and takes about a half-hour.

Instructions

1. Open your Web and navigate to the JungleFlasher website. Download the JungleFlasher application and save it to your computer. Double-click the JungleFlasher setup file to install the application on your computer. Shut down the PC.

2. Find and download a suitable Xbox 360 BIOS update file for your machine. Save the file to a folder on your computer.

3. Unplug the power cord and other cables from the PC. Use the Phillips screwdriver to remove the retaining screws on the PC case cover. Remove the case cover and set it aside.

4. Unplug all cables and cords from the Xbox 360. Use a Torx screwdriver to remove the seven metal case screws. Remove the cover from the Xbox 360.

5. Disconnect the red SATA cable from the Xbox DVD drive and the motherboard. Connect a SATA cable to the connector on the Xbox motherboard and to a SATA connector on the PC motherboard.

6. Power on the PC, then log in to Windows. Launch the JungleFlasher application on your computer.

7. Click and select the Xbox 360 from the main drop-down menu in JungleFlasher. Click the "Save BIOS to PC" button. Wait while the application backs up the current Xbox 360 to the PC hard drive.

8. Click the "Flash BIOS to Xbox 360" button in the JungleFlasher program. Browse to the BIOS update file you downloaded earlier, then click the "OK" button. Wait while the JungleFlasher application updates the BIOS chip on the Xbox 360 with the updated BIOS or firmware file.

9. Close the JungleLauncher application, then shut down the PC. Reinstall the cover on the computer, then reconnect all cords and cables.

10. Replace the cover for the Xbox 360 and secure with the Torx screws. Reconnect all cables and cords to the Xbox 360, then power on the unit.

Tags: your computer, from Xbox, JungleFlasher application, application your, application your computer

Replace A Gateway Computer Motherboard

Part of a Motherboard

A dead motherboard can be a serious problem for your Gateway computer as it means that none of the other hardware components will be working. To get your computer up and running again you will need to physically replace the entire motherboard. Replacing it isn't an especially difficult procedure, but it does take quite a bit of time as you must remove several other parts first. Depending on whether you have a heavy-duty Gateway server or a normal office desktop, there may also be a slightly different procedure for taking it out.

Instructions

1. Shut down your Gateway computer's operating system. Reach behind the machine and unplug the power cable and all the other peripheral cords. Put on an antistatic wrist strap to prevent static discharge from damaging the computer.

2. Set the entire Gateway computer case on a solid work area such as a table. Set the case down on its right side so that the left-side panel is facing up.

3. Check the far left end of the side panel to see if your specific model uses screws or has a pull latch. Remove the screws and set them aside to unlock the side panel, or pull up on the latch if there are no screws.

4. Push down on the panel and slide it away from the case. Set the panel aside. Check to see if the rear fan inside the case is partially covering the motherboard. Remove the screws holding the fan in place and pull the fan out of the case if it is covering the motherboard.

5. Locate the expansion cards at the lower-left corner of the Gateway's motherboard. Pull each of the expansion cards out of their slots and set them in a safe location. Snap back the clamps that hold the fan on the processor at the center of the motherboard. Pull the fan off of the processor.

6. Remove the processor and set it aside. Disconnect all the cables running from the motherboard to the various drives inside the computer. Check to see if your Gateway houses the motherboard inside a metal chassis.

7. Locate the large blue chassis screw at the right end of the motherboard if it is in a chassis. Remove the screw, then slide the entire chassis out of the case. Remove each of the screws holding the motherboard to the case and lift the entire motherboard out of the machine if it is not housed in a metal chassis.

8. Remove the screws holding the motherboard to the chassis if one is present, then pull out the motherboard. Set the new motherboard in the chassis and reconnect the screws, or set the motherboard directly into the case and reconnect the screws if there isn't a chassis.

9. Reassemble the processor, processor fan, expansion cards, rear fan and cables. Put the side panel back onto the case. Reconnect all the cables, then power the Gateway computer back on.

Tags: Gateway computer, expansion cards, motherboard chassis, Remove screws, screws holding

Fix Boot Block

fix your computer from boot block

Instructions

1. Boot Block Recovery For Free

You don't need to pay a measly sum of dollars just to recover from a boot block mode. Here it is folks:

AWARD Bootblock recovery:

That shorting trick should work if the boot block code is not corrupted, and it should not be if /sb switch is used when flashing the bios (instead of /wb switch).

The 2 pins to short to force a checksum error varies from chip to chip. But these are usually the highest-numbered address pins (A10 and above).

These are the pins used by the system to read the System BIOS (original.bin for award v6), calculate the ROM checksum and see if it's valid before decompressing it into memory, and subsequently allow Bootblock POST to pass control over to the System BIOS.

You just have to fool the system into believing that the System BIOS is corrupt. This you do by giving your system a hard time reading the System BIOS by shorting the 2 high address pins. And when it could not read the System BIOS properly, ROM Checksum Error is detected "so to speak" and Bootblock recovery is activated.

Sometimes, any combination of the high address pins won't work to force a checksum error in some chips, like my Winbond W49F002U. But shorting the #WE pin with the highest-numbered address pin (A17) worked for this chip. You just have to be experimentative if you're not comfortable with "hot flashing" or "replacement BIOS".

But to avoid further damage to your chip if you're not sure which are the correct pins to short, measure the potential between the 2 pins by a voltmeter while the system is on. If the voltage reading is zero (or no potential at all), it is safe to short these pins.

But do not short the pins while the system is on. Instead, power down then do the short, then power up while still shorting. And as soon as you hear 3 beeps (1 long, 2 short), remove the short at once so that automatic reflashing from Drive A can proceed without errors (assuming you had autoexec.bat in it).

About do the shorting, the tip of a screwdriver would do. But with such minute pins on the PLCC chip, I'm pretty comfortable doing it with the tip of my multi-tester or voltmeter probe. Short the pins at the point where they come out of the chip.

2. AMIBIOS Recovery bootblock:

1. Copy a known working BIOS image for your board to a floppy and rename it to AMIBOOT.ROM.

2. Insert the floppy in your system's floppydrive.

3. Power on the system while holding CTRL+Home keys. Release the keys when you hear a beep and/or see the floppy light coming on.

4 . Just wait until you hear 4 beeps. When 4 beeps are heard the reprogramming of the System Block BIOS went succesfull, so then you may restart your system.

Some alternative keys that can be used to force BIOS update (only the System Block will be updated so it's quite safe):

CTRL+Home= restore missing code into system block and clear CMOS when programming went ok.

CTRL+Page Up= restore missing code into system block and clear CMOS or DMI when programming went ok.

CTRL+Page Down= restore missing code into system block and do not clear CMOS and DMI area when programming went ok

Btw: the alternative keys work only with AMIBIOS 7 or higher (so for example an AMI 6.26 BIOS can be only recovered by using CTRL+Home keys).

Boot Block Recovery for FREE

3. ************************************************

BLACKOUT Flashing

*************************************************

Recovering a Corrupt AMI BIOS chip

With motherboards that use BOOT BLOCK BIOS it is possible to recover a corrupted BIOS because the BOOT BLOCK section of the BIOS, which is responsible for booting the computer remains unmodified. When an AMI BIOS becomes corrupt the system will appear to start, but nothing will appear on the screen, the floppy drive light will come on and the system will access the floppy drive repeatedly. If your motherboard has an ISA slot and you have an old ISA video card lying around, put the ISA video card in your system and connect the monitor. The BOOT BLOCK section of the BIOS only supports ISA video cards, so if you do not have an ISA video card or your motherboard does not have ISA slots, you will have to restore your BIOS blind, with no monitor to show you what's going on.

AMI has integrated a recovery routine into the BOOT BLOCK of the BIOS, which in the event the BIOS becomes corrupt can be used to restore the BIOS to a working state. The routine is called when the SYSTEM BLOCK of the BIOS is empty. The restore routine will access the floppy drive looking for a BIOS file names AMIBOOT.ROM, this is why the floppy drive light comes on and the drive spins. If the file is found it is loaded into the SYSTEM BLOCK of the BIOS to replace the missing information. To restore your BIOS simply copy a working BIOS file to a floppy diskette and rename it AMIBOOT.ROM, then insert it into the computer while the power is on. The diskette does not need to be bootable or contain a flash utility. After about four minutes the system will beep four times. Remove the floppy diskette from the drive and reboot the computer. The BIOS should now be restored.

Recovering a Corrupt AWARD BIOS

With AWARD BIOS the process is similar but still a bit different. To recover an AWARD BIOS you will need to create a floppy diskette with a working BIOS file in .BIN format, an AWARD flash utility and an AUTOEXEC.BAT file. AWARD BIOS will not automatically restore the BIOS information to the SYSTEM BLOCK for this reason you will need to add the commands necessary to flash the BIOS in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file. The system will run the AUTOEXE.BAT file, which will in turn flash the BIOS. This is fairly easy. Here are the steps you need to take.

· Create a bootable floppy diskette

· Copy the BIOS file and flash utility to the diskette

· Cr

4. If you like this article, then please leave me a comment.

Thanks

Tags: System BIOS, AWARD BIOS, BIOS file, BLOCK BIOS, BOOT BLOCK

Improve Your Concentration

Improve Your Concentration

Improving your concentration will help you to accomplish more in a shorter period of time.

Instructions

1. Create a space designated solely for work. If that space is your desk in a work office, for example, use it only for work ' step away from it when taking breaks or eating.

2. Form a strong association between working and your desk to make concentrating easier.

3. Remove surrounding distractions. Turn off the ringer on your phone and, if possible, shut down your computer if you will be tempted to surf the Web.

4. Assemble all the materials you will need (books, paper, charts). You want to avoid getting up to retrieve materials and distracting yourself.

5. Set a specific production goal and give yourself a manageable chunk of time (perhaps 1 to 2 hours) in which to achieve this goal.

6. Create pressure by scheduling meetings or other interruptions to force yourself to work more effectively during a shorter period of time.

7. Reward yourself after each period of intense concentration with a small break.

Tags: Improve Your, Improve Your Concentration, period time, shorter period, shorter period time, your desk

Identify What Kind Of Ddr Ram A Computer Uses

Upgrading RAM is an efficient way to improve your system's performance.

Knowing what type of RAM (Random Access Memory) your computer uses is vital to understanding its capabilities, as well as knowing upgrade the RAM if you want or need to. Using the wrong kind of RAM (assuming it even fits) could damage your system.

The motherboard determines what type of RAM your computer is able to use. Typically it supports just one type of DDR (Double Data Rate) RAM, although some motherboards can use two.

Instructions

1. Refer to your motherboard's manual, which will outline what kinds of RAM it supports, along with speed limitations. If your motherboard supports only one type of DDR, that's what it's using currently.

If you no longer have your motherboard manual, you can obtain a copy on your motherboard manufacturer's website.

2. Check the RAM's manual, which will list what type of DDR it is.

3. Contact the respective manufacturer (motherboard, RAM or retailer) directly using email, live chat, or by calling technical support. Not only will they assist you in acquiring specifications, but they'll be able to guide you if you're looking to upgrade your RAM.

4. Look at the RAM modules directly. Most have labels with the specifications printed on them. If not, they'll have a model number along with the manufacturer (see Resources.) Reference the manufacturer's website to obtain specifications about your RAM.

If you have RAM currently installed you'll need to open your computer case and remove it first (see Resources.)

Tags: your motherboard, what type, your computer, along with, manual which, manual which will

Install An Everex Sound Device

If you've just reinstalled your operating system or you're having audio driver errors on your Everex computer, you may need to install a sound device to clear any problems you're having with your computer's audio. A sound device isn't difficult to install, especially since it's not hardware as the word "device" would have you believe it is. Installing it usually takes a few seconds and you shouldn't have to worry about doing it again for a long time.

Instructions

1. Open your Web browser and navigate to the Everex website.

2. Click on "Support."

3. On the "Online Support Center" page, click on either the box below "Mobile Solutions Support" or the one below "Desktop Support" to display a drop-down menu. Click on the model of your laptop or desktop computer and you will be taken to the support page.

4. Under the "Documents and Drivers" heading, click on the box that says "Download" beside "Audio."

5. Click on "Run" in the download box to download and install audio driver software with a single mouse-click. Once installed, the audio driver will become your computer's default audio driver.

Tags: audio driver, sound device, your computer

Flash An Award Bios

Your computer's BIOS (Basic Input Output System) is the program that tells the machine what to do with all of its devices, like the keyboard, mouse, hard drive, ports and graphics card. It may be necessary to flash, or update, your BIOS on occasion--for example, if new hardware or software becomes available that is not supported by your original BIOS.

Instructions

Flashing your Award BIOS

1. Determine the manufacturer of your motherboard or mainboard. You may not know this information, so you'll have to get it when you boot up your computer. Pause the screen during the boot sequence and look for the BIOS ID number. It will appear while your memory is counting up, right after you turn on the computer. This number will allow you to look up the manufacturer and the chipset of your motherboard. Write it down exactly. You can also download a software program to tell you this information, if you prefer (see Resources).

2. Visit the website of your motherboard manufacturer to get the most current BIOS and flashing utility. If your computer was built by a company like Gateway, Dell or IBM, you can usually find these files under the "Downloads" section of their websites. Download the files to your computer.

3. Prepare your computer for flashing. This entails entering the BIOS Setup (accessible when you reboot your computer) and disabling all of the items featuring the word "Shadow" (choose "disable" or "off"). Also in the BIOS setup menu, disable all of the power-management functions. Enter the Chipset Feature Setup and disable System BIOS Cacheable and Video BIOS Cacheable as well to complete your preparation.

4. Unzip your files and look for the README file. Open this file in a text editor and read it very carefully. Not all versions will be the same, and it is important to follow the instructions exactly as presented in this file, or you could do serious damage to your computer.

5. Run the BIOS flash program. If the manufacturer provided a file that can be executed within the Windows environment, run the file as specified in the README or instructions. It will lead you through a series of prompts, reboot the computer and flash the BIOS.

6. Create a boot disk. If you are not running Windows or cannot use a Windows executable flash utility, you will need to create a boot disk that will allow you to boot to a command prompt. Refer to your operating system documentation on create this disk.

7. Boot to a command prompt and run the flash utility. Remember to follow the README instructions to the letter, and do not skip any steps. Reboot, and your BIOS will be updated.

Tags: your computer, your motherboard, BIOS Cacheable, boot disk, command prompt, computer BIOS

Implement A K8 Technology Plan

A technology plan is a statement of the school's technology goals. This plan can cover one academic year, but more often covers the course of three to five years. A well-written K to 8 technology plan can serve as a guiding document, serving as a reference for faculty and administration as they work towards achieving their technology improvement goals. The implementation of a technology plan is not something that happens overnight, but instead a gradual process that allows for adjustment to ensure maximum effectiveness.

Instructions

1. Purchase required equipment and software. If your plans relies upon equipment and software that you do not currently have, purchase the materials, or make a plan for the future purchase based on budget projections.

2. Hire necessary faculty. Interview and employ the teaching staff necessary to monitor the added student courses, or locate qualified individuals who can train your current teaching staff, bringing them up-to-date on the technology that is outlined in your plan.

3. Create a timeline for implementation. If your technology plan does not already contain a clear and organized time line for implementation, creation one. Be realistic in your timeline and plan for gradual incorporation of new technologies into the curriculum.

4. Gradually introduce courses into the curriculum. Add several required student courses yearly, instead of attempting to integrate them all into the standard curriculum at once. Start with the lower level classes intended for kindergarten through third grade students, allowing the younger students to build their technological competency, instead of adding requisite courses for the older students, who lack the base knowledge to be successful because they have not received the lower level courses included in the plan.

5. Create and provide assessments to measure student progress towards stated goals. Create a standard system for ensuring student understanding. Apply these assessment tools consistently to ensure that you receive reliable assessment results upon which you can base future plans.

6. Ask for teacher and student reflection as you implement. Ask students and teachers to reflect upon the additions, and make changes to the plan or add in necessary supports based on their suggestions.

7. Revisit the plan and revise as necessary during the implementation period. Do not be afraid to modify the original plan. If something is not working as expected, make changes to increase the effectiveness of the technology program. This leads to increased technological competency of students and a higher degree of technological integration within the school as a whole.

Tags: equipment software, into curriculum, lower level, make changes, plan Create

Make Two Monitors Work Using An Ati Video Card

Connecting two monitors to a single computer is simple. Almost every video card built since 2005 has dual video outputs, including almost all ATI models. The only issue that can come up is the arrangement and type of ports that are used. Most cards built today have dual DVI (Digital Video Interface) ports on them. Some cards also have HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) and DisplayPort as well. Even low-end cards usually have a DVI port and a VGA (Video Graphics Array) port, though this arrangement is increasingly rare. The real issue here is figuring out what your arrangement of monitors requires to connect to the video card.

Instructions

Set Up the Monitors

1. Choose a place to locate the monitors. This should be within the length of the video cables from the computer.

2. Set up the monitors side by side. Which one goes where doesn't matter; this can be compensated for in the computer's operating system.

3. Plug the power cables into each monitor, and the other end of each into a power strip or wall outlet.

4. Attach the video cables to the monitors. Make sure that you have the correct cable for the connection that your monitor requires.

Set Up the Computer

5. Connect the video cables to the computer. Depending on the monitor, this may require an adapter, either DVI-to-VGA or possibly DVI-to-HDMI.

6. Turn on the computer. While it boots, on a PC, you may see the same image on both monitors or an image on one monitor, while the other remains blank. Both are normal.

7. Modify the display settings to expand the desktop to both monitors, once the computer has finished booting. On Windows Vista (or newer) or Mac OS X, this should be automatic.

8. Adjust for the physical layout of the monitor. In the display configuration dialog, drag the visual representations of the monitor to their appropriate positions. The left monitor should display the left half of the desktop, and the right monitor, the right half.

9. If needed, adjust the display resolution of each monitor to its native resolution.

Tags: video cables, both monitors, each monitor

Replace A Computer'S Motherboard

The motherboard acts as the brain of your computer by controlling its components.

The motherboard is the central component of a computer that facilitates communication between all of the other parts. It contains the system bridge, which allows communication between the processor and the random access memory, or RAM. It also contains Basic Input/Output System, or BIOS, information, which is integral for the start-up of the computer. Motherboards are made by specific international standards, so it's simple to replace an old or broken motherboard. Newer motherboards support faster processors and more RAM.

Instructions

1. Disconnect the power cord from the back of the computer.

2. Remove the case from the computer by unfastening the screws from the back of the computer and taking off the side panels.

3. Touch the metal casing to ground static electricity before you touch the motherboard.

4. Remove all connectors from the motherboard. These include the four-prong power cable, the gray IDE connectors from the hard drive and CD drives, connectors to any system fans, and the media connectors from the front ports of the computer.

5. Remove the PCI cards from the motherboard. These cards are in the bottom-back part of the case. Remove the single screw that secures each card and pull it out of the slot.

6. Remove the RAM, which is the long memory chip, from the motherboard. Pull away the two clips at the top and bottom of the chip and pull it out of the slot. Repeat this for each RAM chip.

7. Remove the screws that secure the motherboard to the case.

8. Pull the motherboard out of the case.

9. Remove the processor and heat sink from the motherboard. Pull up the lever that secures the heat sink on top of the processor. Pull up on the lever that secures the processor to the motherboard. Pull the processor off of the motherboard.

10. Place the processor into the socket on the new motherboard. Push down the lever to secure it.

11. Apply thermal paste to the top of the processor.

12. Apply the heat sink to the processor. Press the lever down to secure it.

13. Attach the new motherboard to the case. Secure it with the screws.

14. Attach the RAM to the new motherboard. Reattach the PCI cards and any additional connectors. These plug right in to the new motherboard.

15. Attach the case and secure it with screws.

16. Connect the power cord to the computer.

Tags: from motherboard, connectors from, heat sink, motherboard case, motherboard Pull

Overclock An Amd 3800 X2

The AMD X2 3800+ has a great load of unexplored potential in its processing power and capabilities. While overclocking might turn into something thrilling and empowering, you must become aware of its dangers and the fact that overclocking a processor too much might make your system unstable. The outcome depends on how you increment the processor's multiplier to reach a level above what AMD designed it to have.

Instructions

1. Turn on your computer and press the key it tells you to press on its startup splash screen in order to enter setup. This takes you directly to your BIOS configuration screen.

2. Navigate to your "Advanced" tab within the configuration screen and select "Advanced Chipset Settings" or "Advanced Chipset Features." Press "Enter" on your keyboard to access these settings.

3. Select "CPU Multiple Value" or "CPU Multiplier" and press "Enter."

4. Select a value at or below "x10" to stay on the safe side for the AMD 3800+ CPU. The higher the value, the higher your CPU's clock.

5. Press "F10" to exit the configuration screen.

Tags: configuration screen, Advanced Chipset

Replace The Ram Memory In An Hp Pavilion Dv5000 Series Laptop

Replace the RAM Memory in an HP Pavilion DV5000 Series Laptop

The HP Pavilion DV5000 laptop computer uses RAM to handle processes-the more RAM installed in the computer, the faster and more capable it is of running multiple processes. RAM isn't expensive and can be upgraded for under $100 in most cases. It's also simple to install and can be removed and replaced in under 10 minutes with minimal tools.

Instructions

1. Shut down the computer completely and disconnect the a/c power adapter. Flip over the laptop to reveal the bottom side of the computer. Locate the small panel held in place by a Phillips-head screw. Remove the screw using the Phillips-head screwdriver and pull it off of the computer.

2. Ground yourself by placing one hand on the computer and placing the other hand on a nearby metal object, such as a metal desk piece or component. Then pull apart the side catches on the sides of the RAM chips until the chip pops up at a 45-degree angle from the case. Pull the RAM out using your hands and set it to the side.

3. Push the replacement RAM into the slot on the computer, in the same manner and angle as the original chip. Then push it down into the computer until the side catches secure the chip. Reinstall the cover using the Phillips-head screwdriver and start up the computer to make sure that the RAM is installed correctly. If you do not get any error messages, then the RAM is installed correctly.

Tags: installed correctly, Memory Pavilion, Pavilion DV5000, Phillips-head screwdriver, Replace Memory, Replace Memory Pavilion, Series Laptop

Repair A Laptop Power Jack

Laptops run on a rechargeable battery, but when that battery runs out, your computer will not work. Laptops come with an adapter that plugs in and attaches itself to a little metal electricity conductor inside the computer. These little power jacks can easily come undone, leaving your computer to run out of battery. To have this repaired by a professional, it can cost you upwards of one hundred dollars just to have them look at it. Then, they will add on an additional charge to actually fix the thing. Don't overpay when you can do it yourself.

Instructions

1. Flip your laptop over and remove all of the screws. Be sure to unscrew the ones holding the screen in place. Some screws are different sizes, so keep them sorted in order of where they were removed.

2. Uncover the hard drive housing located at the bottom front of your laptop. The hard drive will be screwed in, so you have to remove those screws before you can take out the hard drive.

3. Pull out the battery from the laptop. There is usually a tab that has to be held in to allow you to release the battery pack. This is located on the bottom of the laptop next to the battery port.

4. Unlatch the two tabs that are holding the screen in place, you need to pull up on the tabs to make them come loose. Use the tweezers to wedge between them and pull up if you are having trouble.

5. Pull up gently, but with enough force to separate the screen from the laptop body. The screen will still be connected to the body by wires so do not separate it all of the way. Just pull the two silver pegs out of the holes that they are resting in and leave the screen to the side.

6. Gently pull apart the body of the laptop and unscrew the metal strip above the keyboard. If you can not pull it apart, that means there is probably a screw that you missed.

7. Remove the keyboard, but just pull it forward and leave it attached to the motherboard. There will be a rectangular object that looks like a piece of film that holds it in place; do not remove this.

8. Locate the power jack by following the hole in the back of the computer where the adapter goes. The little metal piece may have been rattling around free, so you may have to find it first.

9. Locate where the jack fits into the motherboard by finding the circular piece of plastic near the hole for the DC adapter. There will be a small opening in the motherboard where the power jack piece fits at the base of this plastic piece.

10. Hold the power jack gently with the tweezers and slide it back into place. These pieces are tiny, so try not to get frustrated if you do not get it right away. Chances are it will take you a couple of tries to fit it back in place.

11. Glue the piece that slides into the DC adapter back to the base of the jack that you placed back into the motherboard. Only do this if the two pieces have become loose. If you do, make sure the pieces touch so that they are still able conduct the electricity freely.

12. Reassemble the computer by putting everything back in the position you unscrewed it from. If, after the computer is back together, your computer does not start, you have probably put the hard drive in backwards.

Tags: hard drive, your computer, back into, from laptop, gently with, holding screen, holding screen place

Replace A Psp 1000 Motherboard

Replacing the motherboard in your PSP 1000 can make it as good as new.

Sony's handheld gaming system allows you to play games on the go. The device has seen several redesigns over the years, but the original model is now known as the PSP 1000. Unfortunately, like all electronic devices, the PSP 1000 can break down. If your PSP 1000 fails to work at all, the problem may be a bad motherboard. This leaves you with two choices: buy a new PSP, or replace the motherboard. By replacing the motherboard yourself, you can have your PSP up and running in no time.

Instructions

1. Purchase a replacement motherboard for your PSP 1000. Refer to the Resources section for links to online retailers.

2. Lay your PSP 1000 face down on a table. Open the battery cover and remove the battery.

3. Remove the seven screws holding your PSP's faceplate in place. There are four screws in the battery bay, two screws along the right side of the device, and one final screw along the side bezel, underneath the UMD door. Once the screws have been removed, turn your PSP over and lift off the faceplate.

4. Remove the button bar along the bottom of your PSP by carefully sliding a flat head screwdriver under the left side of the bar and prying it upwards until is comes loose from the LCD housing. Lift the button bar up and disconnect the cable from the motherboard.

5. Put on a pair of latex gloves before removing the LCD screen, as fingerprints are very difficult to remove from the screen. Use a flat head screwdriver to carefully pop loose the tabs on the LCD screen bracket. Tilt the screen forward and disconnect the LCD cables from the motherboard. Lay the LCD screen face down on the PSP's faceplate to protect it while you continue.

6. Remove the seven screws holding the LCD brace in place. Slide a flat head screwdriver between the LCD brace and the D-pad and gently pry the brace outwards to disengage the tabs connecting the brace to the D-pad. Open the UMD door on the backside of the PSP to allow the LCD brace to wiggle free. Pull the LCD brace away from the motherboard.

7. Remove the single screw holding the D-pad in place. Tilt the D-pad forward and disconnect the cable from the motherboard. Remove the D-pad.

8. Locate the power switch board, along the right side of the PSP. Disconnect the power cable from the motherboard. Carefully pry up the board so it comes free of the retaining tab. Remove the right trigger button above the board by sliding it up and away from the PSP. Lift the power switch board up and carefully peel the adhesive cable from the PSP case. Set the power switch board aside.

9. Unplug any additional cables connected to the motherboard. This includes the laser cable, speaker cable, and UMD motor cable. Lift the wireless antenna cable up and pull it away from the motherboard. It will stay connected to the wireless adapter, so just keep it out of the way for now. Remove the single screw holding the motherboard in place. The screw is located in the top right corner of the board.

10. Pry the motherboard up from the bottom and pull it toward you. Open your new motherboard and slide it into place. Make sure to carefully slide the USB port near the top of the board into its slot on the outside of the case.

11. Reassemble your PSP 1000 and turn it on to test the new motherboard.

Tags: from motherboard, your 1000, cable from, away from, cable from motherboard

Install The Intel Pentium 4 2 4 Ghz Processor

Punch up your computer with a Pentium-4 CPU 2.4 GHz upgrade and install.

The Intel Pentium-4 2.4 gigahertz (GHz) processor is a single core processor used in many different mass market computers. Upgrading to the 2.4 GHz Pentium-4 or replacing a current processor takes some time and computer skills, but it is a process you can do yourself with some practice. The Pentium-4 2.4 GHz processor uses a 478 socket so make sure your motherboard supports this prior to attempting the installation procedure.

Instructions

1. Open your computer tower case if you have installed the motherboard already or simply go to your motherboard if available. You can open your computer tower case by unscrewing the fastening screws, removing the thumbscrews or sliding an access panel open depending on the case style and manufacturer.

2. Disconnect the heat sink fan power cable from the motherboard. Find the two levers on top of the heat sink and push them up. Find one of the clip frame latches on the heat sink. The clip frame latches are the black plastic assembly around the heat sink. There is a latch located at each corner of the heat sink and you can start with any corner latch.

Put a flat head scewdriver in the groove at the corner and slide it down into the latch. Use the screwdriver as a lever to disengage the latch. Repeat this process on the other three clip latches and pull the heatsink carefully off of the processor socket.

3. Locate the central processing unit (CPU) socket. It is a large rectangular socket on your motherboard, located near the middle of the board. Pull the metal retaining lever out to the side and then towards you until it is at a 90-degree angle.

4. Look on the bottom of the processor to find the corner without pins. Line this up with the part of the socket that has no pins and slowly push the new CPU into place. Keep the Intel Pentium-4 processor pushed down with one hand and return the lever to its original position to lock it into place.

5. Squeeze a pea-sized amount of thermal paste on top of the processor. Take special care not to get the thermal compound on any other computer component or yourself.

6. Align the heat sink so the outside retention hooks match up with the slots surrounding the processor socket. Put the heat sink directly on top of the processor. Push on all four corners of the clip mechanism on the heat sink to secure it to the retention frame.

Press the two levers on top of the heat sink closed. Connect the fan on top of the heat sink to a fan header power supply located on the motherboard. This is a set of small pins that provides power to the fan. If you cannot locate the proper pins talk to your motherboard manufacturer. There should be several located on the motherboard.

Tags: heat sink, your motherboard, your computer, clip frame, clip frame latches

Fix Your Computer Start Button

The "Start" button is located in the lower left corner of your Windows desktop. Clicking it brings up the "Start" menu on screen, which is your computer's hub of hyperlinks and shortcuts to various programs on your computer. If you're unhappy with the current settings of your "Start" button, you can quickly and easily change any aspect of it you'd like by using Windows' built-in utility.

Instructions

1. Right click on the "Start" menu. Select "Properties."

2. Use the "Task Bar" tab to change aspects of your computer's task bar. This is the long bar that runs across the bottom of your screen that contains your clock and a few other icons in addition to your "Start" menu. You can change whether or not the clock is displayed, hide inactive icons and more using this menu option.

3. Use the "Start Menu" tab to change aspects of your actual "Start" button and menu. You can change which folders appear in the "Start" menu as well as their size, which color scheme it runs and more based on your needs.

4. Click "Apply" to put your changes into immediate effect. Click "OK" to exit the "Start Menu Properties" window and return to your Windows desktop.

Tags: Start button, Start menu, your Windows desktop, aspects your, change aspects

Flash Abit Bios

Abit, a former computer manufacturer, has produced many motherboards since its establishment in the 1980s. Motherboards are the large chipboards that control and connect all other computer peripherals. Motherboards, like other computer components, require updating at some point. To update a motherboard, you flash the BIOS, which is the settings that help boot your computer up. Flashing the BIOS is a process that upgrades the virtual hardware (such as firmware or drivers) to modern standards.

Instructions

1. Turn off your computer and unplug all connections to it. Unscrew the side panel, then check the label near the bottom left of the motherboard to find its model number. The model number is the first part of the first text and numerical string and the "V" number following it. Reconnect all computer cables and turn your computer on.

2. Check what BIOS version you are running. As your computer starts up, you will see a long string of numbers below "Press DEL to enter SETUP." At the very end is the BIOS edition. For example, "14" is the most recent edition, as of August 2010.

3. Go to the Abit website (see Resources) and click "Downloads," then "BIOS." Locate the BIOS for your motherboard and download the file.

4. Right-click the downloaded file and click "Extract To..." or "Extract Here." Insert a blank floppy disk into the floppy disk drive. Copy the files from the extracted BIOS update onto the floppy disk.

5. Restart your computer and press "Delete" as your PC starts. Go to "Advanced BIOS Features," then set "First Boot Device" to "Floppy." Exit and save the changes.

6. Type "awdflash AB9_14.BIN /py /sn /cd /cp /cc /cks /R" and press "Enter" when the command line appears. After the BIOS has been flashed, turn off your computer.

7. Unplug the computer and leave it off for two to three minutes; this resets the CMOS battery. Reconnect the power, remove the floppy disk from the drive and turn on your computer.

Tags: your computer, floppy disk, turn your computer, model number, other computer, turn your

Parts Of The Computer Cpu

Each of the parts of the computer CPU (central processing unit) has a specific function to perform. The components work in unison, and collectively, they formulate the "intelligence" behind the computer. The central processing unit reads instruction sets, interprets them, executes the instructions and sends out results. The CPU has the "brains" to perform computations and convey information from one area to another. It makes decisions, and determines the next step to take, based on the conclusions it makes.

Function

The central processing unit is called the CPU, processor or microprocessor. Modern processors are engineered on just one computer chip. The CPU is the device that receives various types of input and produces specific outputs. The majority of processors are capable of carrying out a single instruction at a time. However, the one instruction is executed at lighting speed. In fact, most personal computers have the capacity to perform directives in less than one-millionth of a second. Powerful supercomputers can execute commands in less than one-billionth of a second.

Control Unit

The various parts of the computer's CPU are directed by the control unit. The control unit can be described as the manager of the CPU. It is comprised of electronic circuits that utilize electrical pulses to transmit signals to other components of the computer. The control unit instructs them to perform, or keep application commands. Its sole purpose is to guide other mechanisms in the system to complete specific tasks. The CU talks with the ALU and memory.

ALU

The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is one of the most important parts of the computer's CPU. It's comprised of electronic circuits that make it capable of executing arithmetic and logic operations. It works with different registers to store data or hold information about the latest action performed by the logic unit. The ALU has the ability to perform four types of arithmetic operations: addition, subtraction multiplication and division.

The ALU also has the means to perform three kinds of logic comparisons: equal-to, less-than and greater-than. The ALU is capable of comparing letters, numbers or special characters. The personal computer then takes action based on the results of the comparison. An example of such a comparison would be the following "less-than" operation: If the average test score of a student is less than 70 percent, then the student receives a "fail" grade; otherwise, the grade is "pass."

Registers

Registers are temporary memory devices that are indispensable parts of the computer CPU. They are managed by the control unit. Registers are used as storage areas that contain data and other information that are often needed while a program is running. They are meant to be to be accessed very quickly. There are different types of registers, including instruction registers and test registers. The instruction register contains the instruction the CPU is currently executing. The test register is used to hold the results of calculations performed by the CPU.

Clock

Another component that is included in parts of the computer CPU is the clock. The clock is made of timing circuitry that measures the timing of tasks performed by the CPU in terms of clock cycles. The performance of processors is generally measured by the clock rate or clock speed of the CPU. In theory, a higher clock speed means that the CPU can execute instructions (cycles) faster. The clock speed is measured in "hertz." Hertz refers to the quantity of clock cycles per second. A CPU with a speed of 1 GHz would mean that it performs one billion clock cycles per second.

Tags: parts computer, central processing, central processing unit, clock cycles, clock speed

Fix The Eee Pc Black Screen

Netbook Troubleshooting

In 2009, netbooks became a popular alternative to laptop computers. Netbooks are compact, lightweight and inexpensive computers. They are smaller than traditional laptops, and are used for basic tasks such as email and web browsing. Eee PC is a popular brand of netbook. Like all technology, Eee PCs are susceptible to hardware malfunctions. In particular, your Eee PC's screen might suddenly appear black. Fortunately, there is a way to bypass the black screen and restore the netbook to working order.

Instructions

All Operating Systems

1. Remove any discs in the computer.

2. Hold the power button down until the computer turns off.

3. Press the power button to turn the computer on. If this doesn't work, proceed to step four.

4. Remove the battery and unplug the netbook. Wait 30 seconds.

5. Reinstall the battery and plug in the netbook.

6. Press the power button for ten seconds. If this doesn't work, proceed to step 7.

7. Insert the end of a paperclip into the reset button to reset the netbook. The reset button is a small hole that usually appears next to the USB and other ports.

Windows 7

8. Create a new Notepad file.

9. Type this code:

taskkill /F /IM dwm.exe

10. Save the file as displayfix.bat in the following location: C:/ProgramData/Microsoft/Windows/Start Menu/Programs/Startup

11. Restart your computer.

Tags: power button, doesn work, doesn work proceed, Press power, Press power button

Flash A Bios Without A Floppy

Flash your BIOS without a floppy disk.

Flashing a computer's BIOS is the process of updating the computer motherboard's firmware operating system. This firmware dictates how all hardware connected to the motherboard communicates and initializes. With the depreciation of floppy drives, it has become commonplace for motherboard manufacturers to use alternate methods of BIOS updating that do not require floppy disks. This diskless firmware upgrade process is automatic in nature and allows virtually any computer user to update the BIOS.

Instructions

1. Double-left-click the executable file obtained from the motherboard manufacturer.

2. Accept the end-user license agreement presented to you by the software.

3. Perform any instructions provided through on-screen prompts. These instructions commonly include shutting down any background applications and not performing computer processes while the update occurs.

4. Click the "Next" or "OK" button when prompted to begin the update procedure.

5. Allow the update to complete and restart the computer automatically before performing any other computer processes. A crash during a BIOS update can lead to an unstable or unbootable computer.

Tags: computer processes

Turn Off Asus Heat Sink Warnings

When booting a computer containing an ASUS motherboard, you may sometimes receive error messages related to the heat sink or the chipset fan attached to it. If you do not wish to receive these warnings, you can adjust a few settings to prevent your computer from displaying them at startup. These adjustments can be made from your keyboard and it's not necessary to open up the computer case.

Heatsink

The heat sink is a component that attaches to the top of the central processing unit on your motherboard. It is designed to keep your CPU cool by dissipating the heat generated by the processor. This is a crucial function since overheating can permanently damage the CPU, or at the very least, cause your computer to shut down unexpectedly.

Warnings

The basic input/output system or BIOS that manages the core functions of your ASUS motherboard contains a feature that allows it to monitor the temperature of your CPU and the efficiency of the heat sink. If this feature is enabled, your motherboard will check both of these parameters at boot time, and if a problem with your heat sink is detected, an error message is displayed.

Editing the BIOS

You can turn off the heat sink warning feature by editing your motherboard's BIOS settings. To access the BIOS menu, you must press a specific key when your motherboard's logo displays at startup. A message will appear on this splash screen, telling you which key to press. Typical hot keys for accessing the BIOS include the "F2," "F8" and "Del" keys. Once you reach the BIOS menu, you'll have to look for the setting that allows you to disable the CPU fan warning. ASUS motherboards contain BIOS chips developed by several companies that organize their BIOS menus in different ways, but typically, you 'll find the CPU fan warning within the "Hardware Monitor" or "PC Status" sections.

Additional Considerations

If your computer continues to display CPU fan warnings at startup after you have edited the BIOS settings, you might want to check your CMOS battery, especially if your motherboard is a few years old. This battery powers the motherboard's memory when your computer is turned off. If the CMOS battery fails to power this on-board memory, it may not save your new CPU fan warning settings. You can buy a replacement CMOS battery at most electronics stores.

Tags: your motherboard, heat sink, your computer, CMOS battery, ASUS motherboard, BIOS menu

Install The Motherboard Drivers

Install the Motherboard Drivers

The motherboard is a computer's main processing board. The components of the computer all connect into the board, including the processor, video card, hard drives, memory and optical drives. The motherboard drivers are pieces of firmware that give the computer the ability to perform smoothly and effectively. The drivers come with the motherboard as a software package, usually on a CD. Installing the drivers is a short process that your computer will walk you through.

Instructions

1. Boot up the computer. An operating system should already be installed.

2. Run the CD that came with the motherboard. If you do not have the CD, you can download the drivers from the Internet. In order to download drivers, the model number of the motherboard is required. Once you download the drivers, which will come in a .zip file, unzip them with WinZip or a like program, and run the program.

3. Follow the prompts through the installation software to install all drivers.

4. Restart the computer for the changes to take effect.

Tags: download drivers, Install Motherboard, Install Motherboard Drivers, with motherboard

Remove A Socket 478 Heatsink

Heat sinks attach to the CPU socket to cool the processor.

Pentium 4 and Celeron processors use the Socket 478 interface to connect to the motherboard. Because these CPUs generate so much heat, they need a heat sink to provide cooling. This aluminum or copper device sits atop the processor and has a set of fins that quickly disperses heat. Although you should never run your computer without a heat sink, you must remove the heat sink to replace the unit and access the CPU.

Instructions

1. Shut down the computer and unplug all cables from the system, including peripheral and Ethernet cords.

2. Remove the left side panel from the computer to reveal the internal components. Grip the cover and slide it away. Some side panels have a latch on the back of the computer you must trigger to open the computer. A few systems have one or more screws in the same location you must take out with a Phillips screwdriver. Once you remove the side panel, look for the heat sink near the middle of the motherboard. It is made of copper or aluminum. Most have a black fan on top.

3. Touch a bare metal portion of the computer case to discharge static electricity from your body. Unplug the heat sink fan from the motherboard. It uses a white connector that plugs in next to the sink.

4. Pull up the four levers securing the heat sink to the motherboard. Two pairs of levers are on each side of the device. Unhook the heat sink by pressing a small flat-head screwdriver into each of the four notches at the base of the sink and pushing outward. Pull the heat sink away. Twist and turn the device gently if it does not budge.

Tags: heat sink, side panel

Installation Instructions For Core I7

The Core i7 is a computer processor manufactured and sold by Intel. When installed into a compatible motherboard, the Core i7 handles most of the advanced calculations and processes run by your PC. The Core i7 fits into the "LGA1366" socket on your motherboard. Unlike older processor sockets, the LGA1366 does not have holes -- instead, the Core i7 rests on contact pins.

Instructions

1. Locate the lever next to the LGA1366 on your motherboard. This lever holds the protective cover for the socket in place.

2. Push down on the lever and pull it away from the socket to release the socket's protective cover.

3. Pull up on the socket cover. It will open like a door and has a hinge on one side.

4. Use your screwdriver to pry the plastic socket cap out of place. There are two tabs on top of the cap that can be used to pry the cap off.

5. Place the Core i7 into the empty slot. Be sure you have the processor oriented correctly. If the processor is aligned the right way, it will lie flush in the slot.

6. Close the metal socket cover (the one that swings like a door) and secure the lever back into place.

Tags: like door, protective cover, socket cover, socket place, your motherboard

Identify Sound Devices In Poetry

Sound devices in poetry act as drums do in music. They establish a rhythm and mood for the work.

Poetry is an elegant form of writing in which the words flow with rhythm. Sound devices help this flow by setting a mood and meter for the piece. Identifying sound devices in poetry takes some practice and knowledge of the more common devices used. Reading a poem out loud can be an excellent way to identify the sound devices.

Instructions

1. Read the poem aloud. Try to feel the meter, which is the rhythm of the words. This is mostly set up by where the sentences begin and end. On the first run, just read the poem and try to identify how the words come across aloud.

2. Look at the poem again for accents. Accents are the words that are given prominence. They are usually spaced out in such a way that they occur in rhythmic intervals. Connecting words -- and, but, or -- are given less stress, establishing the meter of the work.

3. Examine the poem for rhymes. Rhymes occur most commonly at the end of a line, but some poets may craft the poem to rhyme in other places as well. Rhyming is synonymous with poetry, and as a device, it can come in different degrees. Not all rhymes must be perfect. They can be near-rhymes, where the words do not completely rhyme, but they sound like it when read aloud in a rhythmic fashion.

4. Identify examples of onomatopoeia. This is when the poet uses words to imitate something. It is also when a word's sound gives the reader an idea of what is being portrayed. For example, the word "Bang" could immediately signal a gunshot to the reader without actually elaborating on it within the text.

5. Read the poem with an eye toward modulation. Modulation is like a rhythm within the rhythm. Sometimes a poet will use graduating degrees of complicated words. As the meter progresses, there could be a pattern where a complex word coincides with a complex word in the next line. Simple, short words coincide with other simple words. This is only one example of modulation. There are many patterns that can exist using the same principle.

Tags: complex word, devices poetry, Sound devices, words This

Replace Ram On A Sony Vaio

The memory module in a Sony Vaio.

RAM is a physical component in your computer which enables it to operate and run programs. Upgrading laptop memory is a great way to improve performance. Sony has designed their Vaio laptops so that you can do it yourself, regardless of how much you know about computers.

Instructions

1. Turn off your Vaio and remove the power cable. Close the screen and turn your Vaio upside down.

2. Remove the battery by disconnecting it from its bay on the underside of the computer. Then locate the memory compartment cover on the bottom of your laptop. It is the small rectangular cover above the battery bay.

3. Remove the single screw holding the memory compartment cover in place and you will see two green memory modules.

4. Press the release latches located on either side of one of the memory modules outward and the module will pop out of the compartment at a 45-degree angle.

5. Unplug the module from its socket and fit a new one in its place. Make sure your new memory module is labeled as having the same amount of Megabites (MB) as the remaining module.

6. Press the module down until the latches snap in place. Replace the cover, screw and computer battery.

Tags: compartment cover, memory compartment, memory compartment cover, memory module, memory modules, Sony Vaio, your Vaio

Identify An Ethernet Controller

An Ethernet Controller, also called an Ethernet adapter or card, is a device which allows a computer to communicate with another computer's Ethernet card, or connect to the Internet through a gateway device like a modem or router. Ethernet controllers are used for most high speed wired Internet connections. Identifying your Ethernet controller can be useful if you plan to search for driver updates, or if you are troubleshooting the device.

Instructions

Check Ethernet Adapters in Device Manager

1. Open the "Start" menu, and click "Control Panel."

2. Open "Administrative Tools," then open "Computer Management."

3. Click "Device Manager." It may take 10 to 15 seconds for the device list to appear, depending on the speed of your computer.

4. Find "Network Adapters," in the device list and click the plus (+) sign next to it. A list of your network controllers will appear, including Ethernet adapters and wireless LAN cards.

Opening the Computer to Identify a Network Controller

5. Turn off your computer and unplug the power cord.

6. Use a screwdriver to open your case. Take off the left side cover by removing several screws on the back of the case.

7. Locate the Ethernet controller. If you are using the controller, just follow your Ethernet cable to the device it is plugged into. Otherwise, look toward the bottom and back of the case at the PCI devices, and check the back of the case for Ethernet sized ports. The card with Ethernet sized ports will be the Ethernet controller. (Ethernet ports look like slightly larger phone jacks.)

8. Uninstall and identify the card. Use your screwdriver to take out a mounting screw holding the card in place, if necessary. Then pull the card out of the motherboard firmly, keeping force perpendicular to the motherboard, so the card does not bend. Inspect the labels of the Ethernet controller and write down identifying information as necessary, then plug the card back in by pushing it back into the slot with moderate pressure.

9. Replace the case cover and plug in your power cable.

Tags: back case, Ethernet controller, device list, Device Manager, Ethernet Controller, Ethernet sized, Ethernet sized ports

Find Out Motherboard Specifications

Discover your motherboard manufacturer and model number.

The computer motherboard integrates the functions of components such as RAM, hard drives and processors. The kind of motherboard your computer uses is largely affected by the kind of computer you have (desktop, laptop, etc.) and the functions your computer is designed to fulfill. Knowing the specifications of your motherboard is useful when upgrading and servicing your system. You must learn the manufacturer and model number your motherboard to determine its specifications.

Instructions

1. Consult the documentation that came with your computer. Look for the specifications, typically located in the appendix of a computer manual. Some manuals will provide the model number of the motherboard.

2. Download a third-party program that displays system specifications. There are a variety of software tools that check your system and output a list of your computer's components (see Resources).

3. Install the third-party application by double-clicking the ".exe" file. Follow the instructions to complete installation. Ensure that the box next to "Add shortcut to desktop" is selected, and then click "Finish."

4. Double-click the third-party program icon on your desktop to display your system information. Find "Motherboard" or equivalent ("system board", "main board") in the specifications. Motherboard specifications might read: "Intel D815EGEW ATX using a 1.1GHz processor and 512MB of memory," for example, where "Intel" is the manufacturer, "D815EGEW" is the model number and "ATX" is the form factor.

5. Visit the website of the manufacturer and search the its technical-support pages for the motherboard. For example, if the motherboard is "Intel D815EGEW ATX" visit Intel's website and enter "D815EGEW" in the search field.

6. Download the manual for the motherboard if available, or review its specifications on the website.

Tags: model number, your computer, your motherboard, your system, Find Motherboard

What Are Intel Chip Sockets

The processor socket is the large white square in the center of the motherboard near the wires.

A chip socket is a component built into a motherboard that houses the computer's central processing unit. These sockets differ in their configuration depending on the make and model of the processors for which they're designed. Intel is a CPU manufacturer that also designs sockets. Thus, an Intel socket is any socket made by Intel intended for use with its processors. Exactly which type of socket your computer has is the first consideration when upgrading your CPU.

Design

Intel chip sockets serve as the interface that enables Intel processors to communicate with all other computer components attached to the motherboard including the memory, video card and peripheral devices. The sockets consist of an array of metal contacts that precisely match corresponding contacts on the processors with which they're compatible. This allows information to transfer via electrical signals to and from the processor.

Identification

The chip socket is usually near the center of the motherboard, sitting beneath a heat sink. The heat sink consists of a fan sitting on top of a series of metal slats. When the heat sink is removed the socket becomes visible. It is flat and square in shape with dimensions equal to its compatible processors. It also has a locking arm situated beside it running the length of one of its edges.

Upgrades

Different sockets have different installation procedures. However, all of them include the same basic steps. The first of these is removal of the heat sink. This entails unlatching it from the motherboard. Most heat sinks snap into the motherboard with pegs attached to their base. Next the sockets locking arm must be moved to its upright position. The processor can then be removed and replaced. It's important never to touch the socket's contacts when performing an upgrade.

Considerations

Intel makes many different types of chip socket. In some cases the sockets are compatible with only one processor model. It is important to know your exact chip socket type before performing a CPU upgrade. Unfortunately, this is often not displayed on the computer itself. The best way to find your socket type is to consult your owner's manual. If you don't have your manual there is software available that will tell you your socket type.

Tags: chip socket, heat sink, socket type, your socket type, center motherboard

Install I5 Cpu On A Lenovo T61

Upgrading a computer's processor can allow it to operate faster.

Installing an I5 Central Processing Unit, or CPU, into the Lenovo T61 laptop motherboard will help to upgrade the system and allow the computer to operate faster. The Intel I5 CPU provides more speed to run the latest software programs in the Lenovo T61 laptop. Installing the CPU is a matter of removing the existing CPU chip and inserting the new chip into the motherboard socket. You can install the I5 CPU chip with just a screwdriver in about an hour or two.

Instructions

Disassembling the Lenovo T61

1. Turn off the Lenovo T61 laptop and unplug the power cord from the electrical outlet before attempting to install the I5 CPU. Remove the power cord from the power jack in the back of the case and close the display cover.

2. Turn the laptop over so that you're looking at the bottom of the case and remove the battery from the battery bay. Unfasten all the screws on the bottom of the case with a Phillips-head screwdriver, and then flip the laptop back over carefully so that it's sitting upright.

3. Lift the palm rest up and unfasten the touch pad wire cable from the motherboard. Flip the keyboard over and remove the flat ribbon cable from the back of the keyboard.

4. Remove the keyboard from the laptop and unfasten the three screws that secure the speaker cover to the laptop with the Phillips-head screwdriver. Take the speaker cover off the laptop and unfasten the four screws that fastens the cooling fan assembly bracket to the laptop with the Phillips-head screwdriver.

5. Unfasten the screws on the motherboard that secures the left speaker with the Phillips-head screwdriver and move the speaker over to the right side of the laptop case. Detach the cooling fan cable from the motherboard and unfasten the four screws securing the cooling fan to the motherboard with the Phillips-head screwdriver.

6. Take the cooling fan assembly off the motherboard and set it out of the way. Lift the existing CPU chip off the motherboard and remove it from the computer.

Assembling the Lenovo T61

7. Install the new I5 CPU chip into the motherboard and secure the cooling fan assembly to the motherboard with screws. Attach the cooling fan cable to the motherboard and secure the left speaker to the laptop case with screws.

8. Fasten the cooling fan assembly bracket to the case with screws and attach the speaker cover to the laptop with screws. Plug the flat ribbon cable to the back of the keyboard and set the keyboard in place on the laptop.

9. Attach the touch pad wire cable to the back of the pad and set the palm rest in position. Close the display cover carefully and flip the laptop over so that you're looking at the bottom of the case.

10. Fasten all the screws to the bottom of the case and put the battery back into the battery bay. Turn the laptop back over so that it's sitting upright and plug the power cord into the power jack.

11. Plug the other end of the power cord into the electrical outlet and power up the Lenovo T61 laptop.

Tags: Phillips-head screwdriver, with Phillips-head, with Phillips-head screwdriver, bottom case, cooling assembly

Repair A Light Socket

Salvage your lamp by repairing the light socket.

With lamps, it appears that the light sockets always seem to be the first thing that needs repair. The constant turning the lamp off and on can wear out the switch in the socket. Using a bulb in your lamp that is over the recommended wattage rating can burn the interior socket and damage the contacts so that the bulb won't light. Regardless of the reason, repairing your light socket will salvage your lamp. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Unplug your lamp from the wall. Remove the shade and the blub.

2. Remove the harp from the lamp. The harp is the part of the lamp that holds on the lamp shade. It attaches to the lamp by tension placed on the harp base from the sides of the harp. It is removed by squeezing the sides of the harp in toward the socket and lifting straight up.

3. Expose the socket wiring by removing the exterior socket sleeve. Grab the exterior socket sleeve and pull up and away from the lamp. This exposes the interior socket/switch and the socket wiring.

4. Disconnect the old interior socket/switch. Pull up on the interior socket so that you will gain some slack in the lamp wire and access to the screws that are holding the wires to the socket. Unscrew the copper and aluminum screws located at the base of the interior socket/switch and remove the wires from beneath the screws.

5. Install a new interior socket/switch. Feel your lamp wires--one will be smooth and one will be ribbed. Place the ribbed wire under the aluminum screw and tighten the screw. Place the smooth wire under the copper screw and tighten that screw as well.

6. Grab the lamp cord at the base of the lamp and pull the cord away from the lamp base. This will take out any excess slack and allow the interior socket/switch to sit against the exterior socket base.

7. Slide the exterior socket sleeve over the interior socket/switch. Push the socket sleeve down firmly to set it securely in the socket base.

8. Replace the lamp harp, bulb and shade. Plug your lamp back into the wall.

Tags: interior socket, interior socket switch, socket switch, your lamp, exterior socket, socket sleeve, exterior socket sleeve

Remove A Dell Precision 370'S Motherboard

Removing your Dell Precision's motherboard requires dismantling the computer.

Your computer's motherboard is its most important internal hardware component. The motherboard is a large, printed circuit board where all hardware and devices connect with your computer. The Dell Precision 370 desktop comes built with an Intel 925x-based motherboard. If the motherboard stops working or malfunctions in any way, you must remove it. The main downside is that doing so can void your computer's warranty.

Instructions

1. Shut off your computer tower. Unplug the main power cable from the back of the computer as well as any external storage or peripheral devices.

2. Rotate the computer tower so the back panel faces toward you. Lay the tower horizontally on its left side, then slide the side panel release button to the left. Grasp each end of the side panel and remove it from the computer to reveal the internal components.

3. Locate the four memory modules near the center of the now exposed motherboard. Spread apart the spring-loaded retention clips on either side of each memory module. This disconnects each module from its memory socket. Pull each module out of its respective socket. Store the removed sockets in a static-resistant plastic bag.

4. Disconnect all cables from each storage/optical drive attached to the drive bay mounted on the front panel. Unplug the respective cables from the motherboard. Note where and how each cable is connected to the motherboard.

5. Remove all PCI cards mounted to the computer's back panel. Lift straight up on the retention arm securing each card in place. Remove the single Phillips-head screw that mounts each PCI card to the computer's rear panel. Disconnect each card from its respective motherboard socket by lifting straight up.

6. Locate the cooling fan and power supply mounted to the computer's back panel. Unplug the power supply and fan cables from their respective motherboard connectors. Lift straight up on the fan shroud to reveal the motherboard's processor heat sink. This is a large metal device that sits directly on top of the processor.

7. Use a flat-head screwdriver to disengage the retention latches on either side of the heat sink. Carefully lift the entire heat sink device off of the processor chip, then set it aside. The processor is held in place by a metal door. Release the retention lever holding the door in place, then tilt the door upward to reveal the processor chip. Carefully lift the processor out of its socket on the motherboard.

8. Disconnect all remaining cables from the motherboard. Loosen and remove all Phillips-head screws fastening the motherboard to the computer tower's casing. Lift the motherboard out of the desktop case. Relocate the motherboard to a flat surface.

Tags: cables from, back panel, computer tower, Dell Precision, each card

Fix Problem With Pc Not Recognizing The Hard Drive

When installing a new hard drive, a PC may not recognize the hard drive. Incorrect cable installations, jumper settings and BIOS settings may cause the computer to be unable to detect your hard drive. Due to the vast differences in hard drive types (IDE versus SATA) and brands, motherboard brands and types, and BIOS types and configurations, please download or acquire your motherboard and hard drive manufacturers' documentation prior to acquiring a hard drive. Make sure that the type of hard drive you plan to purchase is compatible with the motherboard.

Instructions

1. Shut down the computer. Unplug all cables and peripheral devices.

2. Clip the anti-static wrist bracelet to a metal object, and attach the bracelet to your wrist.

3. Remove the computer's side panel. (Cases vary. Some will require a small Phillips screwdriver for removal and others feature screwless designs. Please see your case manual if you are unsure.)

4. Locate the newly installed hard drive. Check that two cables are running from the hard drive to the motherboard and to the power supply. If you see only one cable or if either of the cables are not securely seated, plug in the appropriate connector(s).

5. Leave the case's side panel off for now. Reconnect the power cable, monitor cable, and keyboard and mouse connections.

6. Restart the computer. Enter your BIOS immediately. (Your BIOS usually alerts you to the key required to adjust settings. If your screen does not show this information or if you are unsure, consult your motherboard manual.)

7. If it is an IDE hard drive, enter the IDE settings. The BIOS should show the hard drive. Configure it as primary or secondary, according to your computer's configuration. (If you have only one drive, set this to primary. Otherwise, set as secondary.)

8. Save your settings, and exit the BIOS. Once you are certain that the the PC is recognizing the hard drive, replace the side panel.

Tags: hard drive, side panel, settings BIOS, your motherboard

Format A Memory Card Without Losing Files

Memory cards are a type of portable memory storage than many different devices, such as MP3 players and digital cameras/camcorders, use to store digital files. These cards can be easily replaced or upgraded. In some cases, a memory card will need to be formatted, sometimes to fix an error on the card. Because formatting involves wiping all the files off of it (that are not hardwired into the card), this can result in the loss of some files. But you can still format a memory card without losing the files.

Instructions

1. Connect your memory card to your computer. In general, memory cards will communicate with a computer via a USB port. In some cases, the memory card will need to be inserted into the camera or other device, which can then be plugged into the computer.

2. Access the files. You can do this by opening "My Computer" and looking for a portable storage device. These devices may have a letter drive associated with them (as in, E: drive) or may simply be listed at the bottom of the screen as a removable memory device. Regardless, open the drive or device and locate the files you wish to keep.

3. Copy the files. Highlight all of the files you wish to keep (hold down the "CTRL" button to highlight multiple files). Then hit CTRL+C to copy the files. Transfer them to a folder on your computer by creating a new folder (or using an existing one) and then hitting CTRL+V.

4. Format the memory card. Do this by right-clicking on the drive (or device) that appears on the "My Computer" screen, and then select "Format" from the menu that appears.

5. Replace the files on your formatted drive. Copy the files from the folder you created/used, open up the memory card (from "My Computer") and then hit CTRL+V again to paste.

Tags: memory card, card this, card will, card will need, cases memory, cases memory card

Replace An Atx Push Button Power Switch

In modern computer systems, the ATX power switch works by temporarily shorting the connection between two pins on the motherboard. This sends a signal to turn the computer on. In rare instances, a problem can cause the ATX power switch not to function properly. Replace the power switch to resolve this issue.

Instructions

1. Shut the computer down. Open the computer chassis to expose the motherboard. In most cases, the computer chassis is opened by pulling a lever on the back, pushing a button on the side, or removing a row of screws.

2. Remove the plastic bezel covering the front of the computer chassis. Generally, this is accomplished by pushing a tab on each corner of the bezel. The bezel contains a plastic button which depresses the ATX power switch when pushed. After removing the bezel, the ATX power switch will be exposed. Push on the switch. If the computer boots successfully, the switch does not have a problem. A new plastic bezel should be ordered from the computer manufacturer, as the power button either sticks or does not depress fully.

3. Unplug the power cable from the back of the computer.

4. Find the power header on the motherboard. The power header is a small plastic piece connecting two pins on the motherboard. Coming from the header will be two wires, generally green and white. The wires will lead to the power switch at the front of the computer chassis. Make a note of the pins that the power header is connected to and then remove it from the motherboard.

5. Examine the power switch at the front of the computer chassis. If it has a screw on either side, remove the screws and push the power switch assembly out of the chassis. If it has no screws, it should snap out of place.

6. Thread the power header and the green and white wires of the new ATX power switch assembly through the hole in the front of the computer chassis and then push the assembly into place. Screw it down if necessary.

7. Connect the power header to the motherboard and replace the power cable in the back of the computer. Push the new power switch and confirm that the computer turns on and boots.

8. Replace the plastic front bezel and close the computer case.

Tags: power switch, computer chassis, power header, front computer, front computer chassis, back computer, green white

Flash A New Bios

In order for your computer's hardware to correctly work with your operating system, your BIOS must be up to date. Your BIOS is also responsible for your operating system's boot process. To flash a new BIOS, you need to download the latest version and run the update. You can flash a BIOS by using any removable media, such as a flash drive or floppy disk, or through an executable file that is run from your desktop.

Instructions

1. Find your BIOS version number and motherboard manufacturer. Restart your computer and enter your BIOS. Depending on your computer's manufacturer, the BIOS entry key may be "Esc", "F2", or "Del."

The necessary information can be found at the top of the first BIOS settings' screen. Follow the instructions at the bottom or right of the screen to exit the BIOS.

2. Download your BIOS update. Open an Internet browser window. Either visit the motherboard's manufacturer's website or see the site listed in the Resources section. Look for a Help or Downloads section on the manufacturer's site. For the Resources site, click the name of your manufacturer and view available downloads.

3. Choose the download you wish to use, if multiple types are available. For instance, there may be several options including desktop executable, floppy disk, or flash drive.

4. Format your removable media, if applicable. Go to "My Computer," right-click the media, press "Format" and select "Start."

5. Read any instructions that downloaded with your BIOS update download.

For removable media, copy the BIOS update to your removable media and restart your computer. Press "F12" during the initial boot process, before the operating system loading screen, and choose your media type to boot straight from the disk or drive. Allow the update to run.

For desktop executables, double-click the downloaded file and follow the wizard to reboot you computer and run the BIOS update. Some versions may automatically run without a wizard.

Tags: your BIOS, BIOS update, removable media, your computer, operating system, your removable media

Remove A Processor Fused To A Heatsink

A heatsink helps to keep a computer's processor from getting too hot. When it's time to replace the processor, the extreme heat sometimes fuses the two items together. Plus too much thermal compound can make the problem even worse. It is possible to remove a fused processor, but you have to be extremely careful not to do any damage.

Instructions

1. Shut down the computer. Unplug the computer from the electrical outlet. Remove the cords from the back of the CPU.

2. Open the computer case with a screwdriver to expose the processor and the heatsink. Remove the pair from the computer shell by releasing any clips that hold them in place.

3. Pull the processor straight up from the heatsink with your hands. If that doesn't work, gently rock the processor side by side. If rocking doesn't let you remove the fused processor from its heatsink, try gently twisting the processor. Do not bend the pins and do not use a sharp metal object to try to separate the two.

4. Soak the processor in 90 to 95% isopropyl alcohol for less than 5 minutes to loosen the thermal compound between the processor and the heatsink. Anything longer than that may damage the processor.

5. Pull off a length of dental floss. Start the dental floss on one corner. If you cannot get the floss to release the heatsink from the first corner, try another corner.

6. Try to work one end of floss between the heatsink and the processor. Gently pull the floss from one side to the other until the fused processor pops off the heatsink.

Tags: fused processor, dental floss, from heatsink, heatsink Remove, processor from, processor heatsink, remove fused

Flash Bios On Gam55pluss3g

The BIOS works behinds the scenes and initiates the hardware components of your computer before the system loads the operating system into temporary memory. As technology improves, manufacturers release important updates for the BIOS utility on your motherboard to fix bugs and improve hardware capability. Flashing the BIOS is critical to keep your computer hardware up-to-date and improve system stability. Although improperly flashing your BIOS can severely damage your system, Gigabyte makes it relatively easy to flash the BIOS by using a built-in utility called Q-Flash or automatically using Gigabyte's Download Center.

Instructions

Updating with Q-Flash

1. Download the latest BIOS file for the GA-M55PLUS-S3G and save it to a blank floppy disk. Note that you must use a floppy disk when using this method.

2. Restart the computer and enter into the BIOS by pressing the "Del" key on your keyboard while the system is booting.

3. Press "F8" once in the BIOS menu to access the "Q-Flash" utility.

4. Press the up and down arrows to select "Update BIOS from Floppy" then press "Enter." Wait while the system analyzes the disk.

5. Select the BIOS flash file from the floppy drive, using the up and down arrow keys. Press "Enter."

6. Press "Y" to confirm that you want to update the BIOS. Allow the utility to run. Do not interrupt the update.

7. Press any key once the utility is finished running. Press "Y" to reset the computer, then "Enter" to confirm your selection.

Updating with Download Center

8. Launch Internet Explorer and navigate to the Gigabyte Download Center (see Resources). Note that you must use Internet Explorer since the webpage uses ActiveX controls.

9. Click "Yes" when the security warning appears. Alternatively, you may need to click the information bar that appears at the top of Internet Explorer and select "Run Add-On."

10. Click "GO!!" in the lower right corner of the screen. The website will scan your computer, inspecting your system setup.

11. Click the "Click to Install All Drivers" button to automatically download and install all necessary updates for your Gigabyte motherboard.

12. Click "OK." The system will restart itself and automatically install the updated motherboard BIOS.

Tags: Download Center, Internet Explorer, your computer, floppy disk, Gigabyte Download

Jump A Computer Power Switch

Locate your power switch inside of your computer's case.

The power switch of your computer is an often-overlooked piece of hardware. As long as it is doing its job, it remains unnoticed. However, very few people have a replacement on hand in case it does stop working. In a pinch, you can short the pins that the power switch is connected to, close the circuit and power on your computer. This is not meant to be a permanent method, so replace your power switch as soon as possible.

Instructions

1. Power down your computer and remove the cases' side panel. Remove any screws connecting it to your case. Set the panel aside.

2. Locate the small power leads running from your power switch to the header pins on the motherboard. Disconnect the leads.

3. Place the screwdriver's metal body across the two pins formerly connected to the power switch leads. Make sure both pins are touching the metal body of the screwdriver. Continue to touch the pins until the computer powers on.

4. Replace the side panel and re-attach the screws.

Tags: power switch, your computer, your power switch, your power, metal body

Mount A Circuit Board

Anti-static precautions are appropriate as some components are static sensitive.

Mounting an electronic circuit board requires precision, skill with hand tools, patience and a working knowledge of the circuit to be mounted. Results may vary. Safety is the responsibility of the individual doing this work. See the Link "Hand and Power Tools" for OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) safety recommendations. Also note the warnings below.

Instructions

1. Gather critical dimensions. Measure the longest distance any circuit component extends above, below or to any side of the circuit board and record for future use. Measure the circuit board length, width and thickness, and record for future use.

2. Determine standoff height. Add 1/8-inch to the distance that any circuit component extends below the circuit board. Pick the next largest length of standoff. You will need one standoff for every four square inches of circuit board, plus one for each corner. If the circuit board has an irregular shape (i.e., not a rectangle or square), order a standoff for each 90° angle present.

3. Determine the standoff type. A 1/4-inch 4-40 aluminum standoff of the appropriate length is usually a good choice. They are cheap, sturdy, and pose minimal corrosion problems. A 6mm hex standoff is the metric equivalent. If the circuit board does not allow at least 3/4-inch (2mm) of clearance for the aluminum post and nut (or screw). use an insulated standoff for that position.

4. Locate the positions for each standoff. A standoff may be located in a ground plane (wide areas of circuit ground) if the case is plastic. This is also allowed in metal cases if the case is also circuit ground. Each aluminum standoff must have at least 3/4-inch (2mm) of clearance from all electronic circuit components or their connecting traces.

Use an insulated standoff where this is not possible. Use the ruler, pencil and any identifiable circuit board locations to mark standoff locations for drilling.

5. Drill a hole for each standoff. For a 4-40 screw, you would use a 0.120-inch drill bit or #31. Substitute a 3/32-inch drill bit if only fractional sizes are available. A 3/32-inch drill hole will need widening. Be careful not to damage the circuit board or electronic components during this process.

Alternatively, a 1/8-inch drill bit could be used, but the hole may be too big, depending on the mounting hardware used. Mount standoffs to circuit board. Place each standoff in its proper location. Secure it with its matching hardware.

6. Locate standoff positions on case or mounting platform. When choosing a place to mount the electronic circuit board in the case, consider both physical and electrical/electronic requirements. If there are components that require contact with the case for heat sinking or other electrical or electronic requirements, these considerations may modify a purely physical consideration.

While the circuit board must fit, it must also function as an electronic device. Similarly, if there are components that require isolation from the case, this too must be considered. Once an appropriate position has been found, mark the bottom of each standoff with the pencil.

7. Drill holes in the case or mounting platform for each standoff. For a 4-40 screw, that would be a 0.120" drill bit or #31. Note substitution information as stated in Step 5. Mount standoffs to case or mounting platform. Place each standoff in its proper location. Secure it with its matching hardware.

Tags: circuit board, each standoff, case mounting, case mounting platform, electronic circuit