Replace The Hard Drive On A Macbook Pro Intel Core Duo

Replace the Hard Drive on a MacBook Pro Intel Core Duo

Apple Computer has made it alternatively difficult and easy to replace parts in its various lines of laptop computers over the years. Some earlier models for professional use made it a series of a few steps to remove and replace the hard drive, while for others it entailed taking most of the computer apart. On the Macbook Pro Intel Core Duo computer, no matter what size or what configuration, it takes only a few steps.

Instructions

1. Turn the Macbook over on a soft cloth or towel on a flat work surface so the screen is face down. The laptop should be closed when you do this. If you have a pre-unibody Macbook Pro, use both your index fingers to press the battery tabs. Then remove the battery. If you have a unibody model, with no access door on the bottom, remove the 10 screws with a Phillips-head screwdriver to remove the bottom portion of the case.

2. Unscrew three Phillips-head screws on the side of the now-empty battery compartment for the non-unibody model Macbook Pro. With these screws removed, you can raise the door of the memory compartment, then slide it toward the empty battery bay to remove it. Then turn the Macbook around and unscrew the two Phillips-head screws that remain in the area of the latch. Six more screws--two Torx T6 and four Phillips-head--still remain. Unscrew the Torx screws on either side of the RAM chips and the four other screws on the bottom of the case near the hinge. There also will be screws on both sides of the computer and at the back near the hinge that need removing. Turn the Macbook over and open the screen. Gently lift the top of the case on either side of the keyboard, then move along under the top case to unclip the other retainers.

3. Remove the bottom case of the unibody Macbook Pro and set it aside. In this model, because you are not removing the battery, disconnect power to it while working inside. With the hard drive on the left nearest you, go over to the right. Just above the battery is the power connector, a small rectangular unit just to the right of the random access memory chip. Use a spudger, which essentially is a flat, semi-flexible plastic tool--you can use a small spatula, too, if a spudger is not available--to gently pry up the connector. This breaks the power from the battery to the logic board and can help avoid damage from a shock.

4. Use the spudger to disconnect the keyboard and trackpad cable that still attaches to the upper case in older models. Set the case aside. Use the spudger again to lift the connectors for the sleeping light and sensor that may be glued to the hard drive near the open battery compartment. Unscrew the two screws to the right of the hard drive in the bracket and remove the plastic bracket.

5. Lift the hard drive gently from the older model Macbook Pro and carefully rock the connector cable at the end to remove it. Two screws on the hard drive’s side must be removed and retained for use with the new hard drive.

Use the attached plastic tab to gently lift the hard drive in the unibody model. It will pivot out, but still will be connected to the computer by a cable on the left side. Gently remove this, then lift out the hard drive. On the same side of the hard drive as the plastic tab will be two Torx T6 screws. Remove these and keep them. You will need to use them in the new hard drive.

Tags: hard drive, Intel Core, battery compartment, bottom case, either side, hard drive

Ibm T40 Specifications

IBM released the Lenovo ThinkPad T40 laptop in 2003. An inch thick, less than six pounds and with a 14-inch screen, the T40 offered enhanced functionality over its predecessors, as well as easier portability. The laptop ran on the Microsoft Windows XP or 2000 operating systems and provided several means of connection to the Internet.

Features

The ThinkPad T40 laptop features stereo speakers, an audio jack for external speakers or headphones, and a second audio jack for an external microphone. The mouse, embedded near the keyboard, offered the UltraNav dual-pointing system and a touch pad so users can easily navigate and select content on-screen.

Size, Memory and Speed

The ThinkPad T40 came with 30, 40 and 80 gigabyte-sized hard drives and 256 or 512 megabytes of memory. With the 80 GB hard drive, users can add memory up to 2 GB. The T40 was originally equipped with Intel Mobile Pentium M processors that ran at 1.3, 1.5 or 1.6 gigahertz. According to a review by Carla Thornton in PCWorld magazine, the optimized ThinkPad T40 operated about 25 percent faster than average full-size laptops.

Options

The T40 featured a modular bay, where users could hook up a DVD or CD-RW/DVD drive, another hard drive, an additional battery or a floppy drive. Users also had the option of purchasing lithium ion 4-cell, 6-cell or 9-cell batteries. Depending on the model, users could access the Internet via modem, Ethernet or wireless connection.

Tags: audio jack, audio jack external, hard drive, jack external, ThinkPad laptop, users could

Replace The Motherboard In A Ps2

The Playstation 2 (PS2) is a video gaming system from Sony. Once the leader in the industry, the PS2 still sells tremendously well even though newer gaming systems such as the PS3 and Xbox 360 are both on the market. The PS2 is controlled by an internal computer motherboard which can become damaged or stop functioning. If this happens, the process to replace the old PS2 motherboard is quite simple.

Instructions

1. Unplug all power cords from the wall outlet as well as the Playstation 2 itself. Flip the system over and remove all the rubber stoppers that conceal the external screws. Remove all the screws from the bottom of the system.

2. Flip the device back into its original position and separate the two plastic halves of the PS2's body. Once the inside is visible, locate the black plastic border that covers some internal components.

3. Unscrew all the screws that hold down the plastic border. Once they are all removed, hold the black border down so it does not move out of place and you flip the PS2 over.

4. Lift up on the bottom plastic housing of the PS2 to expose the motherboard. The motherboard will be the flat green area covered with different kinds of circuits. Locate and unplug the white connection that lead from the motherboard to the other devices. This will look like a common telephone jack. Remove the motherboard from the device by unscrewing the screws that hold it in place.

5. Insert the new motherboard in the old one's place and reinsert the connector the you removed in Step 4, as well as screwing it back into place. With the new motherboard in place, simply replace all the screws you removed in the previous steps and reassemble the PS2. Your PS2 will now work properly with the new motherboard.

Tags: back into, motherboard place, plastic border, screws that, screws that hold

Replace The Motherboard Without Replacing The Cpu

All motherboards have removable RAM modules.

A motherboard is the centerpiece of any computer, holding all of the other parts and allowing them to communicate through ports, slots and internal communication buses. Occasionally, a motherboard will need to be replaced due to a hardware failure or to upgrade the system to offer more ports, more capacity for RAM or access to a newer style of interface that the old motherboard did not support. The other parts of the system, including the CPU, RAM and expansion cards, can often be kept for use on the new motherboard as long as the old components are compatible.

Instructions

1. Back up any important files on the computer or create a full system backup or system image.

2. Click "Start" and "Shut Down" to power down the computer. If the computer is off and there is any question as to whether it was shut down this way or is in hibernation, sleep or standby mode, power it on and allow it to boot to the desktop. Then shut it down.

3. Remove every cable and connector from the computer. Remove the case cover and connect the alligator clip end of the antistatic wrist strap to the metal frame on the inside of the computer.

4. Remove any installed expansion cards, such as the video card or network card, by removing the retaining screw and lifting the card straight out of the socket. Release any plastic retention tabs that are holding the card in place, especially on video cards.

5. Disconnect all of the drive data cables from the motherboard, making a note of which cable went to which connector on the motherboard -- IDE0, SATA2, for example.

6. Disconnect the main power supply from the motherboard by squeezing the small plastic retention tab and pulling the connector straight up out of the system. Disconnect the auxiliary power connectors from the motherboard in the same manner.

7. Disconnect the front panel leads that control the power switch, reset button, system speaker, front ports and indicator lights.

8. Remove each of the screws that hold the motherboard in the case. Lift the edge of the motherboard that is opposite the rear panel ports up about an inch, and then pull the motherboard forward to disengage the ports.

9. Press the retaining tabs on the RAM modules to spread them out and lift the RAM straight out of the sockets. Place the RAM into the new motherboard as indicated by the small key notch in the modules that matches the key tab in the sockets. Press evenly on each end of the RAM module until it snaps audibly into place and the retaining tabs lock against the edge of the RAM modules.

10. Release the clip that holds the CPU cooling fan and heat sink in place. Slide the assembly slightly to one side to break the connection between the CPU and the heat sink caused by the thermal heat sink compound. Release the second retention clip and lift the heat sink and fan off the motherboard.

11. Scrape the existing thermal heat sink compound off the heat sink. Scrape the existing thermal heat sink compound off the top of the CPU while it is still mounted in the old motherboard to avoid damaging the CPU pins. Moisten the lint-free cloth and clean the remaining thermal heat sink compound completely off the heat sink and CPU.

12. Release the CPU locking mechanisms on the new and old motherboards by raising them to the vertical position.

13. Grasp the CPU by the edges. Pull the CPU straight up and then insert it into the new motherboard as indicated by the small triangle in one corner of the CPU that matches a symbol on the socket for Pin 1.

14. Lower the CPU locking mechanism to secure the chip in the socket. Apply a thin layer of thermal heat sink compound and then place the heat sink and fan assembly squarely onto the CPU and lock it into place.

15. Replace the thin chrome rear faceplate if the new motherboard has a different port configuration than the old one. Most motherboards ship with a matching faceplate.

16. Line up the motherboard with the case and ensure that there are motherboard standoffs for the screws to go into at every location there is a screw hole in the motherboard, and no extra standoffs. Add or remove standoffs as necessary to match the motherboard pattern exactly.

17.Reverse the procedure for removal of the motherboard to reinstall it into the system.

Tags: heat sink, heat sink compound, sink compound, thermal heat, thermal heat sink

Get Audio Out Of A Usb Port On A Laptop

Get Audio Out of a USB Port on a Laptop

In addition to built-in speakers, your laptop has an audio output port for headphones or speakers. However, you can also connect an audio device to one of the USB ports on your laptop. You can connect just about any piece of hardware to a USB port, including some speaker systems. Before purchasing a speaker system for your laptop computer, check to see if it supports USB.

Instructions

1. Plug the USB cable from the set of speakers into one of the USB ports on the computer system.

2. Insert the driver installation CD for the audio speakers. Most audio speaker systems that connect to a computer via the line-in port do not require drivers; however, for speakers that connect through a USB port, you need to install the drivers so the laptop knows function with the speakers.

3. Wait for the driver installation wizard to load. Accept the license agreement and follow the prompts. Leave the default settings, as changing the default settings can lead to driver detection errors later down the road.

4. Select "Install" and the driver installs onto the laptop.

Tags: your laptop, Audio Port, Audio Port Laptop, default settings, driver installation, Port Laptop, speaker systems

Msi Motherboard Problems

Part of a motherboard.

MSI produces some of the most trusted motherboards in the industry today. There are, however, many problems that may appear with a new motherboard. These problems range from slight misconfiguration to completely unrepairable hardware failures. All system builders should be aware of such problems so they may better understand their specific computer builds.

BIOS Versions

Motherboards are made in large batches over the course of many weeks or months. Due to this, the motherboard you purchase may advertise a specific compatibility, such as a CPU, and seemingly fail to be compatible with it later. This is because when the specific motherboard you got was boxed it was with an older BIOS revision which doesn't support your hardware. This problem is not permanent and is fixed with a simple BIOS update provided free of charge from MSI.

Dead Components

While companies such as MSI provide excellent quality control and design, they are just as prone to shipping a motherboard with a defective component as anyone. That being said, it is not uncommon to install your new motherboard only to find that it has a dead USB, eSATA, or power port. This situation can only be resolved by contacting MSI and requesting what is called an "RMA," or "Return Merchandise Authorization." They will issue you an RMA number and ask you to ship the device back to them for testing and replacement.

Warped Motherboard

With the growing size of CPU heat sinks, the idea of a motherboard that is not entirely level is of greater concern. There are many reasons why a motherboard would warp, including shipping problems, humidity levels during storage and plain bad manufacturing. A slightly warped motherboard is not a sole reason to RMA a motherboard, unless you are using a high tension heat sink. If you are using this type of heat sink, you should RMA the motherboard to avoid a future hardware failure.

Form Factor Variation

All motherboards are built to a specific form factor. This form factor dictates its size and computer chassis compatibility. There are times, however, when a motherboard is produced that is slightly off from its form factor. That is, the mounting screws do not match up precisely to the mounting holes in your chassis. In this event, you may elect to simply mount the motherboard with a partial amount of screws, however, it is much more reasonable to simply return the motherboard.

Dead On Arrival

A DOA, Dead On Arrival, motherboard is a motherboard that you receive that is not functioning on any level. This problem is actually quite common for any motherboard manufacturer including MSI. There are many reasons why a motherboard arrives DOA and the majority of them are not MSI's fault. MSI tests all of their motherboards prior to boxing and shipping them. The most common culprit for DOA boards is that of shipping or poor handling by third-party sellers who buy direct from MSI. Despite this fact, however, MSI will replace a DOA board at no cost, except shipping it back to them, through the use of a simple RMA form.

Tags: back them, Dead Arrival, form factor, heat sink, many reasons

Set Your Bios

BIOS stands for "basic input operating system" of a computer.

At some point if you own a computer long enough, you may have to set or change your BIOS. An acronym for "basic input operating system," the BIOS is similar to a set of directions your computer reads on startup. The BIOS lets you access the computer's most basic functions and set them, if you know access them. Once you've accessed them, you can make the necessary changes to set the system.

Instructions

1. Turn your computer on from a complete shutdown. Watch the screen as it goes through the startup. An instruction appears for pressing a function key such as F1 or F2 to access the startup menu. Different systems have different keys for access. Don't worry if you miss it the first time. Just note the key and shut the system down and restart it.

2. Press the proper function key to access the startup menu, repeatedly if necessary, as the computer starts up. Once you have successfully accessed the startup menu, use the arrow keys to navigate through the menu that appears.

3. Select the option that is shown as "Boot" or "Boot Order" or a similar heading. Highlight this option and press "Enter." A list of hardware selections appears that includes the hard drive, a disk drive and possibly other options. The order the computer accesses these is called the boot order. Most commonly it accesses the hard drive first and then the disk drives. You can reset this to the default of the hard drive if it was changed, or to the disk if necessary. Scroll down the list that appears with the arrow keys and highlight the drive you want the computer to read first. Press "Enter." Repeat for each hardware device until the order is set.

4. Save the changes by highlighting "Save Changes," press "Enter" and then exit the BIOS. Regular startup continues without prompting. If you have any difficulties with the setting changes you have made, you can restore the system to an earlier time to erase the changes.

Tags: hard drive, startup menu, access startup, access startup menu, arrow keys, basic input, basic input operating

Tell If A Computer'S Motherboard Can Run A 64bit Processor

If a motherboard can run a 64-bit processor, it is a 64-bit motherboard.

All of Intel and AMD's motherboards that have the correct socket type for a 64-bit processor can operate in 64-bit mode. The socket is the part of the motherboard that connects to the processor. The motherboard may need a BIOS update to run a 64-bit processor when upgrading from a 32-bit one. If you are wondering if a motherboard you are running is 64-bit compatible it may be faster to first check if the processor you are running is 64-bit compatible. If the processor is not, you can check the motherboard's socket type.

Instructions

Check the Socket Type With CPU-Z

1. Download, install and open CPU-Z (see References for a link).

2. Click on the CPU tab.

3. Read the "Package" section. As an example, an AMD Phenom II processor could come up as having a "Socket AM3 (938)" connection.

4. Check to see if the socket type supports 64-bit processors in the Tips section.

Check Through Windows

5. Click on the Start menu.

6. Right-click on "My Computer" and select "Properties."

7. Click the Windows Experience Index.

8. Select "view and print detailed performance and system information."

9. Read the "System" section to determine if the computer is running in 64-bit or is 64-bit capable. A yes answer for either means the motherboard is 64-bit.

Check With a Spec Sheet

10. Refer to either the motherboard's features section on the spec sheet or the diagram. This information is usually included with the computer's manual.

11. Look for the processor connection socket type.

12. Compare the socket type to the list of 64-bit compatible sockets in the Tips section.

Tags: socket type, 64-bit compatible, 64-bit processor, running 64-bit, motherboard 64-bit, running 64-bit compatible

Sign Sis Software

Sign Sis Software

A Sis file is a Symbian OS installer file utilized for installing applications onto mobile phones. It usually ends with the extension ".sis" or ".sisx." Sis files can be installed on any mobile phone that uses the Symbian operating system. If the Sis file is unsigned, any install launch will fail as it has not been authenticated and you will have to manually sign it before installing the file. Signing Sis software requires a few steps to set up.

Instructions

1. Create and register an account with SymbianSigned.com.

2. Download and install GenialSis. Pull and save the ".rar" content to your desktop.

3. Open the GenialSis application and enter your IMEI number. Locate this number by pressing "#06#" in "Stand-by" mode.

4. Press the "Generate" button within the GenialSis application.

5. Enter your SymbianSigned.com user name and password when prompted.

6. Locate the "Genialcert.csr" file you extracted. Select the file and enter the security code.

7. Choose the ".Sis" file you wish to sign and click "Sign." You have now signed Sis software.

Tags: GenialSis application, Sign Software

Problems With A Usb 2 0 To Vga Dual Display Adapter

The USB 2.0 adapter provides a DE-15 VGA slot.

A USB 2.0-to-VGA display adapter allows a user to connect an extra monitor to the computer through USB 2.0. The monitor connects to the VGA port on the adapter. The adapter connects to a USB 2.0 port on the computer.

Configuring dual displays on a system can increase productivity and improve a user's ability to multi-task. However, connecting a monitor to a USB 2.0-to-VGA display adapter can have its drawbacks.

USB 1.0 vs. USB 2.0

USB technology is backwards- and forwards-compatible: USB 2.0 devices can connect to USB 1.0 slots, and visa-versa. However, USB 1.0 slots do not provide the same data speeds as USB 2.0. USB 1.0 processes data from 192KB per second to 1.5MB per second. USB 2.0 processes data as fast as 60MB per second. A computer installed with USB 1.0 will not support a display adapter due to the differences in speeds.

Video Interfaces

Monitors use one of three technologies to connect to a computer: VGA (video graphics array), DVI (digital video interface) and HDMI (high-definition multimedia interface). VGA outputs analog video, DVI outputs digital video, and HDMI outputs high-definition digital. A monitor requiring DVI-A (DVI-Analog) or DVI-I (DVI-Integrated) can connect to a USB 2.0-to-VGA dual display adapter through a DVI-to-VGA adapter. But DVI-D (DVI-Digital) monitor requires a DVI-to-VGA converter box to connect to a VGA port. Some HDMI displays include a VGA port, but not all do.

PCIe vs. USB 2.0

Modern graphics cards connect to the computer through a PCI Express x16 slot on the motherboard. PCI Express 2.0, or PCIe, can process data at up to 8GB per second, unlike USB 2.0, which only processes data at up to 60MB per second. A monitor connected to a USB 2.0-to-VGA video adapter will display a picture of poorer quality than a monitor connected to a PCIe graphics card.

Tags: display adapter, processes data, 0-to-VGA display, 0-to-VGA display adapter, 60MB second, computer through, connect computer

Make Karaoke Using A Multichannel Sound Manager

Turn your computer into your personal karaoke machine.

Multi-channel sound managers adjust the volume and equalizer settings of sound channels. A sound channel, such as guitar, bass or vocals, exists on most MP3 and wav files. These channels exist on almost all music on CD, but might not exist on music downloaded from the Internet. Turning songs into karaoke using a multi-channel sound manager does not supply the scrolling lyrics associated with singing karaoke. Download song lyrics from the Internet if you do not have them memorized.

Instructions

1. Download and install multi-channel sound manager software, if it is not already on your computer. (See Resources)

2. Launch the software by double-clicking its icon.

3. Import the song you wish to turn into karaoke. Click the "File" menu and scroll to "Import." Click the "Music" tab on the left of the window. Click the file you wish to upload and click "OK."

4. Click the "Sound Effects" tab. Set the equalizer to the appropriate mode by clicking the button of the music style. Buttons include "Rock," "Pop" and "Club."

5. Press the "Karaoke Mode" button. Click the button that reads "Voice Cancellation."

6. Adjust the key, if desired. Click the up or down arrows next to "Key Adjustment."

7. Attach a microphone to the USB port of your computer. Play the song from the beginning by pressing the "Play" button and sing along with the song.

Tags: your computer, from Internet, into karaoke, multi-channel sound, multi-channel sound manager, sound manager

Instructions For The Kodak M863

The Kodak EasyShare digital camera is perfect for snapping your favorite holiday moments.

The Kodak M863 is a Kodak EasyShare camera and it is a compact digital camera. Before you can use your camera you will have to learn some of the basics. Every camera is different, this means that it may take you a while to get used to your new Kodak M863 camera. However once you have familiarized yourself with the layout of the controls taking photographs and recording videos of your own will become second nature.

Instructions

1. Familiarize yourself with the layout of your new camera. Take the time to get use to the layout of the various controls, most importantly the shutter release button, the mode dial and the arrow pad.

2. Insert the battery into the battery compartment on the side of the camera. Open the compartment as instructed, and insert the battery in the direction indicated by the arrows. Close the compartment once the battery is inserted.

3. Insert the memory card. With the camera turned off, open the compartment in which you placed the battery and insert your memory card into the slot above. The use of a memory card is optional but it will allow you to store more photos than your cameras memory.

4. Turn the camera on. To turn your Kodak M863 on, simply press the "On/Off" button on the top of the camera. The LCD screen on the back of the camera should then light up. If it fails to do so you should ensure that the battery is fully charged.

5. Adjust the settings. Press the up, down, left and right arrows and the "OK" button to access settings. Here you can easily adjust the flash, white balance, ISO speed, exposure, sharpness and other settings. Make your changes to match the conditions and press "OK" to set them.

6. Turn the mode dial on the top of your camera to the green "AUTO" position to take a photograph. When you are ready to take your photograph press the shutter button halfway to allow the camera to focus. Wait for the framing marks to turn green before fully pressing the shutter button to take your picture.

7. Turn the mode dial on the top of the camera to the video camera symbol to take a video. Once you are ready to record your video press the shutter button completely down and release. To end your recording fully press and release the shutter button for a second time.

8. Press the review button indicated by a "Play" symbol to the right of the LCD screen to review you photos and videos. Navigate through your pictures and videos using the left and right arrows around the "OK" button.

Tags: Kodak M863, shutter button, memory card, mode dial, your camera, yourself with layout

Relationship Between Graphic Card & Ram

Graphics cards come with onboard RAM.

A graphics card is an important hardware component in any computer. Depending on what the system is used for, the graphics card may require little RAM or a great deal.

Graphics Card

The graphics or video card is a computer component that processes screen images. A computer can manage this function without a video card, but the CPU or central processing unit would spend an inordinate amount of its time processing images.

RAM and Graphics Cards

RAM---short for random access memory---enables a computer to temporarily store files while it is running. Graphics cards come equipped with RAM, also known as the frame buffer. This RAM is present in the form of memory chips on the card. The card sends images to the frame buffer, which holds the pictures while the processor continually updates them.

Performance

Graphics card performance is affected by both the bandwidth and the amount of RAM memory. It is possible to have plenty of RAM but lack the bandwidth to achieve the desired screen resolution.

Tags: cards come, frame buffer, graphics card, Graphics cards, Graphics cards come

Locate Phoenix Bios Passwords

Sometimes you need a password to access a Phoenix BIOS.

The basic input/output system, or BIOS, is a program that acts as a digital liaison, managing communications between peripherals and the operating system. Because the BIOS is critical to the operation of a PC, some computer manufacturers and workplaces employ a password for security. If the password is lost or has been reset through electrostatic discharge, it would be impossible to guess without the aid of computer forensics. Sometimes you can gain access to the BIOS through the keyboard, depending on the computer, but typically the solution is mechanical.

Instructions

Locate Phoenix BIOS Passwords

1. You may need your serial number to obtain a BIOS password from the manufacturer.

Contact your computer manufacturer. All computer manufacturers have websites with technical support available. Have your computer model number and serial number ready. If the manufacturer is unable to help locate a password, standard back-door passwords may help.

2. So-called back-door passwords may help you access the BIOS.

Try using the following back-door passwords to access the BIOS: phoenix, PHOENIX, CMOS, BIOS. BIOS passwords are case sensitive.

3. Contact the motherboard's manufacturer if the back-door passwords failed. Find the motherboard's website for technical support. You will need to open the computer case if you do not know the motherboard brand.

4. Electrostatic discharge can reset a BIOS password.

Shutdown and unplug the computer. Unplug the monitor and all peripherals from the PC, including speakers and USB devices. Ground yourself by wearing an antistatic wristband clipped to the metal case, or touch something metal before you open the case. Use the screwdriver to loosen and remove the screws from the case. Look for the motherboard, the largest circuit board inside, attached to one side of the case.

5. Printing on a motherboard can be hard to see without a magnifying glass.

Examine the motherboard for a brand name. A good place to start searching is near the processor, the large square box on the motherboard. A flashlight and magnifying glass are especially useful for a clear view of the motherboard. The brand name could be printed anywhere or, sometimes, not at all.

6. The motherboard battery is round and fairly flat.

Locate the CMOS battery while you have the case open. If contacting the motherboard manufacturer failed, you will have to remove the battery. The battery is circular, about the size of a dime, but as thick as two to three stacked dimes. Do not disconnect or remove anything yet.

Removing the CMOS Battery

7. Note the location of any cables that need to be disconnected.

Use the digital camera to take pictures of the motherboard, or sketch the location of cables and connectors. If any components or cables need to be moved or unplugged to reach the battery, you want to remember their exact location.

8. Leave the battery out for at least 20 minutes.

Remove the CMOS battery carefully so as not to snap or break the clamps. Leave the battery out for 20 to 25 minutes to allow the capacitors to completely discharge any memory. Avoid touching anything else in the computer.

9. Tighten the case screws when done.

Return the battery to the motherboard, and reconnect any cables that were disconnected in the case. Close the computer case and tighten the screws.

10. Look for the setup message on the monitor.

Turn on the computer and closely watch the monitor for the "Entering Setup" message that appears before Windows starts. The message will tell you which key to press to enter the BIOS setup. You may need to reboot a few times to see the message, as it appears on the screen for just a few seconds.

11. Carefully read the settings information on the monitor.

Follow the directions on the monitor for changing the date, boot sequence, and any other settings. Work slowly and read the screen directions thoroughly. Be alert and cautious. Once the settings are saved, the system will start, and the password will have been removed.

Tags: back-door passwords, access BIOS, motherboard brand, back-door passwords help, BIOS password, brand name, cables that

Remove A Dell Precision 650'S Power Supply

Unlike with many desktop computers, the Dell Precision 650's power supply is located at the bottom, not the top. Dell has simplified the process of removing or replacing components by allowing you to remove the power supply with the push of a button. However, in order to remove the power supply unit, you must also remove the fan guide and the PCI cards, which are add-on cards for computer systems. The fan guide is a component that redirects air over the PCI cards. This helps to keep the cards and the overall system cool when the computer is running.

Instructions

1. Unplug the computer, then open the case by pushing up on the side latch located halfway up the left side along the back of the computer. Raise the cover up to open the computer.

2. Disconnect the two white rectangular 20-pin connectors connecting the power supply to the system board. The connectors are located toward the front of the computer along the right edge of the system board.

3. Disconnect the white rectangular 4-pin power cables from the back of the hard drive and disc drive.

4. Disconnect and remove the fan guide, which is the slotted rectangular component located on the bottom right of the computer. Disconnect the single wire coming from the fan guide to the system board. Pull the fan guide release button located in the top right corner of the fan guide, then slide the fan guide to the right. Lift the fan guide out of the computer.

5. Raise the retention arm holding the PCI cards, which is located on the bottom left of the computer. Push the tab on the retention arm, then lift up the arm.

6. Remove any installed PCI cards by pulling them up from the slots. The PCI cards are the horizontally aligned circuit boards on the bottom left of the computer.

7. Push down and hold the power supply release button located on the inside bottom of the computer case, toward the back. While holding the button, slide the whole power supply toward the back of the computer. Pull the power supply away from the computer and pull the power cables through the hole in the bottom of the computer to remove them.

Tags: power supply, located bottom, power supply, system board, back computer

Test An Amd Athlon X2

The AMD Athlon X2 and other CPUs are the main component of the computer which runs code and performs calculations. Overclocked CPUs running at a faster speed than they're designed for or defective CPUs will crash or generate errors when under load. The AMD Athlon X2 and other computer processors aren't particularly stressed when running normal desktop software, but additional load generates more heat, which can cause problems. You can test an AMD Athlon X2 by running a third-party CPU stress test program designed to put the CPU under heavy load.

Instructions

1. Download and run Prime95 (see Resources.) Double-click the downloaded .zip file on your computer, double-click the "prime95.exe" file inside it, click "Just Stress Testing," then select a type of CPU stress test in the list and click "OK." Right-click the "Self Test" icon in the system tray and click "Exit" after several hours of testing.

2. Install PassMark's BurnInTest (see Resources). Open it after installing it by clicking "Start," "All Programs," "BurnInTest," "BurnInTest" and "Continue." Start a CPU test by clicking the "Quick Tests" menu and clicking "CPU Coverage." The test stops automatically after ten cycles, or you can stop it manually by clicking the "Stop" icon.

3. Download and use AIDA64 (see Resources). After installation, click "Start," "All Programs," "FinalWire," "AIDA64 Extreme Edition," "AIDA64 Extreme Edition" and "OK." Open the CPU test window by clicking "Tools" and "System Stability Test." Uncheck the "Stress Cache" and "Stress System Memory" checkboxes by clicking them, then start the test by clocking "Start." Let the test run for several hours before clicking "Stop."

Tags: AIDA64 Extreme, AIDA64 Extreme Edition, Athlon other, clicking Stop, Extreme Edition, several hours

Replace The Cmos Battery In A Dell Latitude

The CMOS battery allows the motherboard to retain its settings when the computer is turned off.

There is a battery that protects your Dell Latitude settings when it is not powered on called the CMOS battery. When the CMOS battery starts to go bad, your computer may behave erratically, turn itself off and/or display error messages about the system not matching the configuration. Changing the CMOS battery is not difficult, and, if you change it before it dies, you'll save settings that will be lost if it loses all power.

Instructions

1. Turn the computer off and disconnect the power cord from it.

2. Disconnect the battery from the computer.

3. Drain any power left in the computer by pressing the power button.

4. Turn the computer over, and lay it down.

5. Put on your wrist strap and connect the end of it to a metal surface.

6. Unscrew the cover to the memory module. On most Latitude models, this is a small cover beside the larger hard drive cover.

7. Locate the guide on the battery compartment, and gently pry the battery out with the plastic toothpick.

8. Insert the new battery, positive (plus) side up, under the battery clip and push the battery into place.

9. Screw the cover on and reattach the battery to the computer.

Tags: CMOS battery, Dell Latitude, settings when, Turn computer

Fix A Dell Keyboard Number Pad That Doesn'T Work

Consider downloading new drivers for your Dell keyboard.

When using a Dell keyboard, sometimes a problem may exist that knocks out the use of the number pad. This could be an error that results from old keyboard drivers, or perhaps a simple connection issue. In the case of a Dell laptop keyboard, additional factors may exist that require keyboard disassembly. Nonetheless, you can complete all of these fixes for the Dell keyboard and number pad even if you lack repair and disassembly expertise. All that is required is a Phillips head screwdriver and a plastic bag.

Instructions

1. Check your external Dell keyboard connection, if you have one, to the computer tower itself. Make sure the keyboard cable has not become disconnected from the back of the computer. Also, make sure the cable is in the correct port and has not, for example, been accidentally placed into the port for the computer's mouse. Ports on the back of the Dell for the keyboard and mouse should be color coded with the ends of the plugs on these peripherals, so use the colors as a reference when troubleshooting potential cable-to-port issues.

2. Consider downloading Dell drivers for your Dell keyboard from the Dell website (see "Resources" below). Double-click on this file once the download is complete to install the drivers. Remember to restart your computer before testing your unresponsive number pad again.

3. If you have a Dell laptop with an internal keyboard, consider partially removing the keyboard from the laptop's base in order to potentially diagnose the number pad problem. Flip over the Dell and locate the keyboard-related screws on its bottom side, which depending on the exact Dell model should be marked by small keyboard icons. Use a Phillips head screwdriver to remove all these.

4. Place the screws in a small plastic bag for safekeeping, as you will need them when reassembling the keyboard later.

5. Flip the Dell laptop back over and remove the keyboard shield. The shield is located directly below the monitor and just above the actual keyboard. Remove it by using the end of a flathead screwdriver to pry under the end of the shield and push it up and out gently.

6. Pull the keyboard partially out to reveal the cable underneath. This keyboard cable runs from the base of the Dell laptop to the keyboard's bottom. This cable may have come loose from the keyboard cable connector at the base of the computer. If so, plug it back in. Lock the keyboard cable connector in place by pushing it back down in the horizontal position, making it parallel with the base of the laptop and not vertical/perpendicular to the base.

Tags: Dell keyboard, Dell laptop, keyboard cable, base Dell, cable connector, Consider downloading

Move An Os When Doing A Hard Drive Upgrade

Operating System (OS) files can be easily moved from one hard drive to another using the Windows Easy Transfer utility. This utility comes preinstalled on Windows 7 and Vista. Windows XP users can easily download and install it on their computer. The whole process of moving the OS files is to be done in two stages. First, you will have to copy the OS files that you want to move from the old hard drive, and then save them at some place where the new hard drive to which you want to transfer the OS files to can access it (for example, on a removable media like a pen drive). In the second stage, you copy these OS files that you saved in the first stage to their new location.

Instructions

Copy OS Files From the Old Hard Drive

1. Double-click the "Windows Easy Transfer" icon to start the Windows Easy Transfer Wizard on the computer on which the OS files to be moved are stored. On Windows 7/Vista, click "Start," point to "All Programs," click "Accessories," click "System Tools," and then click "Windows Easy Transfer."

2. Click "Next" on the Windows Easy Transfer wizard’s Welcome screen.

3. Select "An external hard disk or USB flash drive" option below "What do you want to use to transfer items to your new computer?"

4. Select "This is my old computer" option below "Which computer are you using now?"

5. Click "Customize" below your Windows user name on the "Choose what to transfer from this computer" dialog box, and then click "Advanced."

6. Click to select the check box before the OS folder name that you want to move on the "Modify your selections" dialog box that opens, and then click "Save." For example, to move the folder named Program Files, click to select the check box before it on the "Modify your selections" dialog box, and then click "Save."

7. Uncheck the "Shared Items" check box, and then click "Next."

8. Type a password in the "Password" box to password-protect the files that you are moving, and then retype the same password in the "Confirm Password" box. This is an optional step.

9. Click the "Save" button.

10. Navigate to the location (for example, removable media like a USB flash drive) where you want to save the files that you are moving on the "Save your Easy Transfer file" dialog box, and then click "Save."

11. Click "Close" when the transfer process is complete.

Save the OS Files to the New Hard Drive

12. Double-click the "Windows Easy Transfer" icon to start the Windows Easy Transfer Wizard on the computer on which you want to save the OS files copied earlier.

13. Click "Next" on the Windows Easy Transfer wizard’s welcome screen.

14. Select "An external hard disk or USB flash drive" option below "What do you want to use to transfer items to your new computer?"

15. Select the "This is my new computer" option below "Which computer are you using now?"

16. Click the "Yes" option.

17.Navigate to the location where you saved the OS files in the previous section on the "Open an Easy Transfer File" dialog box, click to select the file, and then click "Open."

18. Click the "Transfer" button. This will move the OS files to the new hard drive.

19. Click the "Close" button.

Tags: Easy Transfer, Windows Easy, Windows Easy Transfer, then click, files that, option below, dialog then

Install Ati Drivers

Install Ati Drivers

Installing video card drivers can be an intimidating task to the novice computer user. Fortunately, it's actually not very hard at all. If you can run a program or install a piece of software, you can install video card drivers, because a driver is really just another type of program. For the most part, when installing ATI's drivers, all you have to do is double-click on an icon and press the "Next" button a few times.

Instructions

Downloading the Drivers

1. Make sure your computer is connected to the Internet.

2. Open your web browser.

3. Type "www.ati.com/drivers"in the address bar of your web browser and press "Enter."

4. Select your operating system. Make sure you pick the right one, as there is an option for both 32- and 64-bit versions.

5. Select the product you want a driver for. If you have a desktop computer, select "Radeon." If you have a laptop, select "Mobility Radeon."

6. Select the series that your video card belongs to and then press the "Go!" button.

7. Click the "Download" button. Be sure to pick the download link for the entire driver suite, not the individual components.

8. Wait for the driver to finish downloading.

Installing the Driver

9. Open the driver package. This will take a few moments, as it is a large file.

10. Press "Next" when you see the "Select components to install" prompt.

11. Hit the "Install" button when you see the prompt for "Destination Folder."

12. Once the driver installer unpacks itself, press "Next" when you see the "Welcome" screen.

13. Press the "Install" button on the next screen.

14. Select the "Express" radio button and press "Next." Accept the license agreement.

15. Press the "Yes" button when the installer asks if you would like to create a folder.

16. Press the "Finish" button. When the installer asks you to reboot, go ahead and do so. The installer will run on its own once you reboot. No further input is required.

Tags: press Next, video card, button when, card drivers, Install button, Install Drivers, installer asks

Use Pci Irqs With Linux Pci Device Drivers

USB disks communicate with the CPU via the PCI bus.

PCI, or Peripheral Component Interconnection, is the bus used by the motherboard to connect to devices. When multiple devices are simultaneously connected to the motherboard, they must share the central processing unit, or CPU. They accomplish this with interrupt requests, or IRQs. Device drivers for Linux systems assign an IRQ number to the PCI device. The device uses the IRQ to notify the CPU that the device needs its attention. The CPU handles IRQs in a predefined priority scheme.

Instructions= 0) {

result = request_irq(short_irq, short_interrupt,

SA_INTERRUPT, "short", NULL);

if (result) {

printk(KERN_INFO "short: can't get assigned irq %i\n",

short_irq);

short_irq = -1;

}

else {

outb(0x10,short_base+2);

}

}

7. Save changes to the device driver by clicking "File," "Save."

8. Compile the device driver. At the command line, type "gcc -c," then a space and then the name of the source file. Using the previous example, type "gcc -c /home/code/device1.c" and press "Enter." The device driver is compiled.

9. Restart the computer to activate the newly modified device driver.

Tags: device driver

Start Building A Computer

Building a computer is technical, but not difficult.

Buying a prebuilt computer is undoubtedly simpler than building your own, but many computer owners opt to build their rig from the ground up. While there are both advantages and disadvantages to building a computer at home, the process of building a computer requires nothing more than a little bit of technical know-how, some compliant parts and the ability to follow simple instructions. Once the builder has everything needed to start building the computer, putting it together is often as simple as snapping the parts into place.

Instructions

1. Ensure parts compliance by buying parts with like pin or socket numbers. Pin numbers determine compatibility between motherboards, processors and memory. Socket numbers change frequently and determine parts' compatibility. While higher pin numbers mean greater processing speed, socket numbers do not influence system performance.

2. Buy a chassis and power supply. A good chassis is space-efficient, sturdy plastic or aluminum, and has sufficient room inside and air flow. A good power supply is 550 watts or greater.

3. Gather all of the parts and check for defects. Broken and chipped parts, bent or missing pins, and missing cords are all defects. Computer parts are individually warrantied and can be exchanged.

4. Lay the chassis on a solid, flat surface and remove the side panel. Most side panels are held on with small screws, but some, such as the chassis sold by Alienware, are magnetic.

5. Lay the motherboard in the chassis, line up the screw holes in the mother board with those in the chassis frame and anchor the motherboard to the chassis with screws.

6. Insert the processor in the motherboard's processor socket. The socket is square with numerous pin holes. Attach the heat sink to the processor chip and screw or clip the heat sink into place. Apply thermal paste between the processor and heat sink for additional cooling.

7. Install the system memory. Memory slots are long narrow slots with clips at each end. Line the memory up with the memory slot and apply even pressure to snap it into place.

8. Insert the video card into either the PCI or AGP slot, depending upon the video card's connectors. The PCI and AGP slots are long narrow slots, often with a clip on one end, located several inches below the processor socket.

9. Slide the hard drive into the case and secure to the mounting brackets with small screws. Attach the SATA ribbon and power cables from the power supply to the hard drive.

10. Remove the DVD drive slot's snap-on cover, insert the DVD drive into the case and secure it to the mounting bracket with small screws. Plug the DVD drive into the motherboard with the SATA ribbon and power cables.

11. Plug the system in and turn it on. The system should boot, assuming all of the parts are correctly installed.

Tags: drive into, heat sink, into place, power supply, small screws, with small, with small screws

Use The Phenom 9950 In An Asus M2n Sli Deluxe Motherboard

Using the Phenom X4 9950 does not require any special tools or experience.

Upgrading your computer to use a quad-core processor like the Phenom X4 9550 can provide a substantial performance boost over an older CPU with less power and fewer cores. Although an upgrade may seem daunting, using a Phenom 9550 with your Asus M2N SLI Deluxe is straightforward, requiring only a simple hardware installation and the use of your motherboard's default setup procedures.

Instructions

Prepare the Computer and Motherboard

1. Ensure that the computer is turned off and disconnected from its power source. Disconnect the power cables that run from the power supply unit to the mainboard.

2. Discharge any static buildup, either by touching the metal case of the computer or by using an anti-static wristband, which you can find at an electronics or computer store.

3. Remove the existing CPU, if any, or the plastic cover over the CPU socket.

Install the Processor

4. Press the small metal lever on the CPU socket sideways, then lift it a full 90 degrees.

5. Remove the 9950 processor from its case, and make sure to hold the processor by its sides without touching any of the pins.

6. Align the small gold triangle on the top edge of the chip with the triangle visible on the CPU socket.

7. Set the CPU carefully in the socket. It should immediately settle into place: the Phenom 9950 is a "zero insertion force" chip. If the chip does not settle easily into the socket, check to make sure that it is aligned properly and the retaining lever is completely upright.

8. Press the metal lever down to lock the chip in place.

Install the Heatsink and Fan

9. Remove the heatsink and fan ("HSF") from its case, again making sure to touch it only along the sides. Note that the retention clip on the HSF has two ends, one of which includes a locking lever.

10. Place the HSF on top of the CPU. It should fit easily into the black plastic retention module surrounding the CPU socket.

11. Align the HSF's retention clip with the edges of the retention module, and secure the end of the clip that does not have a locking lever to the module.

12. Press down the other end of the retention clip down --- because the HSF must press tightly against the CPU, this may require some force. If it feels like you are using too much, check to make sure the non-locking end of the retaining clip is secure.

13. Turn the retention clip lock and secure it into place.

14. Plug the CPU fan connector into the socket located next to the RAM slots.

Set Up the Processor

15. Reconnect the motherboard to the power supply and, if necessary, connect your video card, RAM, and hard drives.

16. Plug the computer in and turn it on. You should hear the CPU fan begin to spin, and the computer will boot to a prompt notifying you of the new hardware. Press the "DEL" key to enter system setup.

17.Press the "F5" key to load the default configuration for your processor. The M2N will automatically detect the appropriate settings for your new CPU.

18. Press the "F10" key to save the default settings and reboot the computer.

Tags: retention clip, make sure, Phenom 9950, Asus Deluxe, check make, check make sure, easily into

Update The Bios On An Asus P5q3

Update the BIOS on an Asus P5Q3

The Asus P5Q3 motherboard features an LGA775 socket designed to work with Intel Core 2 Extreme, Core 2 Quad, Core 2 Duo, Pentium Dual Core and Intel Celeron processors. The P5Q3 can handle up to 16 GB of 1800-MHz DDR3 memory. Periodically, Asus will issue updated BIOS files to expand the capability of their motherboards, or issue patch fixes for problems that may arise. Updating your motherboard's BIOS is a relatively simple task if you have the right software and/or hardware at your disposal.

Instructions

1. Turn on your computer and wait for the operating system to load. Open your web browser and navigate to the ASUS support webpage with updated BIOS files for your computer (see Resources). Select the appropriate product, series and motherboard model from the drop-down menus and click the "Search" button to continue.

2. Select your operating system from the pop-up box and press the "Search" button. Click on "BIOS" to display the available BIOS updates for your motherboard. Choose the latest version by clicking on either "Global (DLM)", "Global" or "China".

3. Type the characters shown on the webpage and press "Submit". When the download dialog box appears on your screen, choose "Save" and press "OK". After you finish downloading the BIOS file, insert your USB memory stick in an available slot on your computer and copy the file onto the memory stick.

4. Restart your computer and press "ALT" and "F2" simultaneously before your operating system loads. When the "Asus EZ Flash 2 Utility" appears on your screen, press the down "arrow" key to highlight the BIOS file on your USB drive. Press "Enter" to start updating the BIOS.

5. Allow the new file to completely load; do not turn off your computer during the loading process. Exit the EZ Flash 2 Utility by pressing "ESC".

Tags: your computer, operating system, appears your, appears your screen, Asus P5Q3, BIOS file, BIOS files

Set Welding Wire Speed And Voltage

When you set the welding wire speed and voltage for a job, it can be the most frustrating part of welding. Setting the two that work together to find the proper characteristic of arc that you want is a process that varies from machine to machine. You need to learn the machine as well as set the two.

Instructions

1. Know that you have to balance the two settings. When you change the welding wire speed, you also need to change the voltage. The two have to be directly opposite each other.

2. Begin by moving the wire speed slowly. You also need to change the voltage. Any time you change the types of materials that you work with, you always need to change the two.

3. Adjust the voltage downward or upward when you change materials. This doesn't give the type of arc that you want unless you also change the wire speed. Remember that the two go hand in hand. Move one and move the second in graduated steps.

4. Test weld each time you increase or decrease either the wire speed or voltage in order to balance the change of the other. If you've been incrementally increasing the second, at one point you can find the right combination.

5. Remember that if the wire speed is too low, it causes spattering and a bad weld. If it's too high compared to the voltage, you feel knocking in the welding torch.

Tags: wire speed, need change, also need, also need change, change voltage, need change voltage, Remember that

Install Or Change A Computer'S Optical Drive

Computers utilize a system of components to operate at peak performance. Many applications and programs are stored on media that require an optical drive to interpret their data. Optical drives are commonly just the DVD or CD-ROM drive in the computer. These drives sometimes fail or need upgrading to a newer model, which requires the user to install or change a computer's optical drive.

Instructions

1. Unplug the power or A/C cord from the rear of the case or directly from the wall outlet. Press and hold the power button on the computer for a few seconds to discharge any remaining charges within motherboard capacitors.

2. Open the computer case to gain access to the optical drive. Remove the case cover or panel by manipulating a series of thumbscrews or sliding a side panel.

3. Locate the optical drive within the computer case drive bays. Look for the optical drive bays near the top of the computer case. Gently relocate any wiring to reveal the optical drive.

4. Disconnect any wiring from the rear of the optical drive. The wiring may resemble a ribbon cable or a thin ATA cable. Remove the four-pinned, multi-colored power cable, as well.

5. Remove the screws that hold the optical drive to the system of rails in the case. Typically, there are four to eight Philips head screws holding the drive in.

6. Slide the optical drive from the front of the computer case. Gently push the drive from the rear until you can get a grip on the drive from the front. Pull the drive from the case.

7. Insert new optical drive into the same drive bay, and follow these steps in reverse to install the new optical drive.

Tags: optical drive, computer case, drive from, optical drive, from rear, case Gently

Replace A Fuse In A Dvd Player

If your DVD player isn't working properly, it may be one of the fuses. Knowing replace a fuse in your DVD player can save you big bucks in repair costs or purchasing a new DVD player. Follow these steps to find out how.

Instructions

1. Assess the situation. What kind of DVD player do you own? Do you still have the original manual? Find it--it will be very helpful.

2. Open the faceplate of the DVD player. In most DVD players, the outer casing can be easily removed by locating the part of the mechanism that locks into place at the connection point between the two pieces of plastic and sliding one of the pieces in the opposite direction.

3. Locate the fuse. The fuses are normally toward the back of the player, near the motherboard. Depending on the type of DVD player, the fuse size and shape may vary slightly. Your owner's manual should tell you what size fuse you should use.

4. Visit the website of the company that makes your DVD player. You should be able to order a replacement fuse here. You can also call the company and inquire about a replacement fuse. In many cases, standard size fuses are used. Be sure that before you go through the trouble of ordering one online that you find out if a simple stop at the hardware store will solve the problem.

5. Check the new fuse against the old one to make sure it's the same size. If the new one is three times larger, you probably don't want to install it.

6. Insert the new fuse in the exact same position as the first fuse was. Replace the outer casing of the DVD player. Make sure everything works properly and begin watching movies.

Tags: your player, outer casing, replacement fuse

Replace A Key For A Sony Vaio Laptop

Replace a Key for a Sony Vaio Laptop

Over time the keyboard keys in your Sony Vaio laptop can become loose and may pop out. Sony recommends that you take the laptop to a certified technician to repair the keyboard, but any computer user can replace the key on his own. If you don't want to spend the money to have a computer repair tech replace the key, you can pop it back into place at home with a basic tool found in most homes.

Instructions

1. Power down the Sony Vaio laptop and close the LCD lid. Unplug any cables and devices connected the laptop, such as the power cable or any USB drives.

2. Turn the laptop upside-down so that you can see the battery. Move the battery's release latch to the unlocked position. Slide the battery out of the laptop and set it aside.

3. Flip the laptop back over and open the LCD lid. Check the bottom side of the key that fell out. See if the rubber spring and two plastic hinges remain on the keyboard or if they fell out with the key.

4. Place the key back onto the open space on the keyboard if the spring and hinges remain on the keyboard. Push all four corners of the key at the same time to lock it back into place.

5. Pick up the first plastic hinge piece with a pair of needle-nose pliers if it fell off with the key. Set the piece onto the left side of the open keyboard hole.

6. Use the pliers to position the hinge so that the small tabs at the top and the bottom fit into the base of the keyboard. Repeat the process on the right side of the open keyboard hole with the second plastic hinge.

7. Push the rubber spring into the open area between the two plastic hinges. Set the key on top and press down all four corners at the same time until the key snaps into place.

8. Put the battery back into the Sony Vaio. Power on the laptop and attempt to use the replacement key to ensure it was installed properly.

Tags: Sony Vaio, back into, into place, back into place, corners same

Why Is My Keyboard Typing Weird

Regularly cleaning your keyboard can help prevent typing problems.

Without a properly functioning keyboard, it is difficult to type documents, emails or to navigate installed applications. There are several possible reasons why you keyboard is not working properly. Fortunately, most of these problems are solved without requiring you to have much technical expertise. Trying multiple solutions before calling a computer technician can help save you money and effort.

Loose Cable

A simply cause of keyboard problems is a loose cable that connects the keyboard to your computer. If the cable is loose, the keyboard may not respond at all, or it may not properly respond to your keystrokes. If you use a desktop computer, you merely need to tighten the cable. However, if you suspect that you laptop keyboard's internal connection is loose, you may need to have a technician repair it, as the internal wiring is not easily accessible. Plus, opening your laptop could void your warranty.

Incorrect Keyboard Settings

Windows contains a Control Panel feature titled "Keyboard Properties." This feature enables you to control the character repeat settings for your keyboard. Therefore, when you press and hold a key, it will repeat at the speed that you set it at. If your keyboard problem has to do with short or long repeats, changing the settings using this feature will solve your problem.

Unclean Keyboard

Keyboards regularly accumulate dust and other debris, which can impact how well your keyboard functions. Therefore, regularly cleaning the keyboard using appropriate materials will help keep your keyboard in working order. Appropriate cleaning materials include a can of compressed air to blow air between keys or a soft-bristled brush to clean between keys.

Insert Key

Your keyboard problem may be attributable to the "Insert Key" being enabled. The "Insert" key on your keyboard controls the text overwrite function in certain applications, such as Microsoft Word. When enabled, the text that you enter will automatically overwrite (erase) any existing text. When disabled, the existing text When you press the "Insert Key," certain applications, such as Microsoft Word, will overwrite existing text instead of adding new text to the existing text. You can enable or disable this function by pressing the "Insert" key.

Filter Keys

If you accidentally hold down the "Shift" key for eight seconds, you may have unintentionally activated "Filter Keys," a Windows feature. When active, Windows ignores keystrokes that occur in rapid succession, or keystrokes that are held down in succession. Although the feature is meant to make using Windows easier, if unintentionally activated, it can make using your computer more difficult. The feature can be disabled within your Control Panel.

Tags: existing text, your keyboard, applications such, applications such Microsoft, between keys

If I Owe Money On My Car Buy A New One

Buying a new car while you owe money on another loan is a possibility, although not everyone can have two loans at once because of income or credit issues. You can also trade your vehicle toward a new purchase; the dealer will pay off your old loan. Before pursuing either option, budget accordingly or consider trading or selling your car instead.

Bank Determining Factors

When you apply for a second car loan, a bank uses your current income as a determining factor. The bank accesses your credit history to view your debt. On your credit application, expect to provide the name, phone number and address of your current employer. Expect to also supply a copy of your most recent paystub, which the bank uses to determine your annual income. If you have a positive payment history with creditors, a stable job and decent income, a second loan is likely.

Budgeting

Even if you do obtain an approval for a second car loan, you should carefully review your budget to determine the true costs of a second car and if it is affordable. Most lenders require a full coverage insurance policy on its vehicle (the most expensive you can purchase), so your insurance cost will likely double. You'll also have to maintain two cars, so check with a dealership or service shop to find out about recommended service schedules and cost.

Trade-in Option

Even though you still owe money on your current vehicle, you can use it as a trade toward another purchase. In the event you trade your vehicle, the dealer will pay off the vehicle's loan balance. If you were unable to obtain an approval for a second loan, a bank might allow you to take out a new car loan if you end your current one. You can transfer any excess loan amount, or negative equity, into your new loan or use the trade's equity as a down payment.

Sell Your Current Vehicle

If you couldn't obtain a second loan because of your income but don't want to trade your car, consider selling it on your own for more profit. Dealers offer wholesale value for trade vehicles, which is the lowest when compared to other options. Private sale values, which you can gauge at Edmunds.com or the Kelley Blue Book website, are thousands higher than wholesale value. Even with a loan, you can use your sale amount to pay off the loan balance. However, you must come up with the loan's balance if you can't sell your car for the loan's total payoff.

Tags: second loan, loan balance, trade your, your loan, approval second, approval second loan

Install An On/Off Power Led On A Motherboard

The power LED connector is likely located on the red or the green connector prongs in the foreground.

If your computer doesn't have a light to tell you it is on, you can install one yourself with relative ease. All modern mainboards (i.e., motherboards) have a place for you to connect an LED to indicate the computer's on/off power status. A power status LED is a snappy, useful visual gauge of your computer's most basic condition.

Instructions

1. Purchase an LED from your local consumer electronics shop or from the Internet that is rated for use in computers. It should be 3.3 volts and have a socket that is compatible with mainboard connectors. Some mainboards have 2-pin connectors, while others have 3-pin connectors. Check out your mainboard to see which it has before you buy your LED.

2. Turn off and unplug the computer, then ground yourself prior to working with the hardware to remove static electricity.

3. Open the tower to gain access to the motherboard.

4. Plug the wire into the Power LED connector on your mainboard. This connector is clearly labeled (but usually in very small print) on the motherboard itself. It should say "Power LED," Pwr LED," or "PLED," and it will be located on the same part of the mainboard as the hard disk (i.e., "IDE") LED connector and the connector for the on/off switch on the front of the computer. It is usually located in one of the motherboard's corners. If you have trouble finding it, it should be diagrammed in the motherboard's user's manual.

Make sure you plug it in in the correct direction. LEDs are diodes (that's the "D" in "LED") and will only conduct electricity in one direction. If you put it on backwards, it won't work.

5. Close up the computer tower.

6. Mount the LED in the desired position on your computer tower. You will want it to be in a position where you can see it, but where it will not get in the way of drive bays or other interfaces with the computer tower.

Tags: computer tower, your computer, power status, your mainboard

Replace The Cmos Battery In An Acer Laptop

You can replace the CMOS battery on your Acer laptop.

CMOS batteries on all computers only have a certain lifespan and must be replaced after a time. Luckily, the CMOS battery on Acer laptop computers is quite easy to access and replace. The hardest part of the process is disassembling the computer.

Instructions

1. Disconnect the power cord from the laptop and remove the main battery.

2. Open the laptop computer's screen and extend it as far back as it will go. Be careful not to stress the screen and cause any damage, but press it hard if needed.

3. Press a flat head screwdriver under the front of the plastic bar lining the back of the laptop's keyboard. Pry the bar up slightly and hold it with one hand.

4. Pry up the other side of the bar with the flat head screwdriver and fully pull out the bar. Keep its ribbon cord connected and set the bar on the laptop's screen.

5. Remove the two Phillips screws securing the computer's keyboard. Slide the keyboard up and out to remove it. Again, do not remove its ribbon cord, and set the keyboard over the laptop's touch pad.

6. Remove the four screws securing the cover plate over the motherboard and remove the plate as well.

7. Locate the CMOS battery at the bottom-right corner of the motherboard.

8. Remove the battery by prying it up gently with the flat head screwdriver. Then, replace the battery with a new one of the same specifications.

9. Replace all the parts in the laptop in the reverse order that you removed them.

Tags: flat head, flat head screwdriver, head screwdriver, CMOS battery, ribbon cord, screws securing

Replace The Main Board On A Vizio 32" Lcd

Vizio computer monitors are known for their sleek LCD displays, but they are prone to damage just like any other electronic device. If there is a problem with the main board, more than likely the monitor won't work at all. You can actually open up a 32" Vizio monitor and remove and replace the main board without the help of a service technician.

Instructions

1. Turn your monitor off and unplug it from the computer. Place the monitor face down over a towel or cloth in order to protect the screen.

2. Remove the screws from the rear panel of the monitor, as well as the screws where the base stand attaches to the monitor.

3. Remove the base stand, and then remove the back panel from the monitor. The green main board will now be visible on top of the metal panel that covers the LCD screen.

4. Unplug all ribbon cables that connect to ports on the top of the main board. Remember where each ribbon connects.

5. Remove all screws securing the main board to the screen panel, then remove the main board and set it aside.

6. Fit a new main board (available online or from a Vizio service center) over the screen panel, and replace the screws and ribbons. Replace the back panel and base stand.

Tags: main board, base stand, back panel, Remove screws, screen panel, then remove

Install A Mother Board On A Computer

Case with the installed motherboard.

A motherboard is a central circuit board of a computer. All computer components such as CPU, system memory, video card, hard drives, keyboard and mouse are installed or connected to the motherboard. The majority of motherboards are made of two standard sizes: the full ATX (Advanced Technology Extended ) form factor with dimensions 12-by-9.6 inches and the microATX one that is shorter. Computer cases are manufactured observing the ATX form standards and can accommodate both types of motherboards.

Instructions

1. Open the side panel of the computer case.

2. Insert the Input/Output (I/O) panel that comes with the motherboard into the rear slot of the case.

3. Lay down the case and screw standoffs in the holes on the case side.

4. Place the motherboard on the standoffs and align them with the mounting holes of the motherboard.

5. Screw the motherboard to the standoffs with the screws.

Tags: motherboard standoffs

Troubleshoot Your Soyo Sy7vcm Monitor

Resolving monitor problems with Windows OS is a fairly easy process.

Monitors translate the data from your hard drive into visual output, using the video card as a medium. Given that computers use graphical interfaces, problems with a monitor make using a computer nearly impossible. Diagnosing difficulties also can be challenging, as the issue can lie in either your monitor or the video card. Fortunately, Microsoft has a tool that can help.

Instructions

1. Connect to the Internet.

2. Open your Internet browser.

3. Navigate to Microsoft's "Troubleshoot monitor and video card problems" page (see References).

4. Click on the "Microsoft Fix it" button.

5. Wait for the download to finish.

6. Click on "Run."

7. Follow the program's easy instructions.

Tags: video card, monitor video, monitor video card, problems with

Replace The Bios Chip On A Motherboard

A working BIOS chip is essential for a computer to function properly.

A computer's Basic Input/Output System, better known as BIOS, is the means by which it recognizes hardware and initializes the operating system's start-up procedure. If the BIOS chip on the computer's motherboard is damaged or stops working correctly, the computer won't be able to boot up. Should this occur, replacing the BIOS chip on the motherboard isn't difficult; it must be done carefully, however, to prevent damaging other motherboard components. Replacing a BIOS chip should take less than 30 minutes to accomplish.

Instructions

1. Shut down the computer, unplug it, and press the power button to remove any remaining power from the computer's components.

2. Use a Phillips head screwdriver to remove the two screws on the back of the computer case that hold the left side panel in place. Slide the panel back and remove it, then carefully lay the computer down on its right side to gain better access to the motherboard.

3. Locate the BIOS chip, generally near the bottom of the motherboard. The BIOS chip will have a sticker or printed text listing the BIOS manufacturer and version number, aiding you in your identification of the chip. Identify which type of BIOS chip your computer has based on the shape; DIP chips are rectangular, while PLCC chips are square and surrounded by a plastic cartridge.

4. Look at the BIOS chip and note the direction of the chip's sticker or text as well as which side of the chip has an indentation or dot on it; this will be important when orienting the new chip.

5. Begin carefully attempting to lift one corner of the BIOS chip. Use an unfolded paper clip to lift the corner of a PLCC chip (since the paper clip will be able to fit inside the grooves in the plastic cartridge) or use a jeweler's screwdriver to lift the corner of a DIP chip.

6. Lift the chip enough that a flat-head screwdriver can be used to pry the chip loose. Make sure that the screwdriver doesn't come in contact with the motherboard or bend the pins of the BIOS chip socket while doing so.

7. Lift the BIOS chip out of the socket once it has been pulled far enough out that you can get a good grip on it. Set it aside.

8. Place the new BIOS chip onto the socket, making sure that it is lined up in the same direction as the chip that you removed. Begin pressing it into the socket, making sure that the pins are going in straight, then press it in the rest of the way.

9. Locate the small plastic jumper that is covering pins on your motherboard with the label "CLCMOS" or "CLRTC." Consult the documentation for your motherboard and move the jumper to the new pin configuration necessary to reset the BIOS.

10. Replace the left side panel of the computer and set it upright. Plug the computer back in, then press the power button to start it up and allow the new BIOS to initialize.

Tags: BIOS chip, BIOS chip, lift corner, sure that, BIOS chip socket, chip socket, direction chip

Setup Asus A7v8xx Bios

Setup ASUS A7V8X-X BIOS

When you set up the basic input output settings (BIOS), you can change the way your computer starts up. The BIOS is the first computer component that operates when you press the power button and it directs the order of all other components that start up thereafter. You can set up a lot of settings in the BIOS including boot order, date and time, and overclocking settings.

Instructions

1. Restart your computer and press "Del" on your keyboard as it starts up. You will enter the BIOS.

2. Set up the "Main" screen options. Here you can change the system time and date, and the IDE connection (these can almost always be left as "Auto" unless you are finding errors). You can create a password to enter the BIOS if you like and check the amount of memory (RAM) you have installed.

3. Press the right arrow key to go to the "Advanced" options. Here you can set up the advanced BIOS options. If you want to overclock your processor then you can do that here by amending the "CPU Frequency Multiple" or the "CPU External Frequency (Mhz)." Overclocking is not recommended unless you know what you are doing so leave these settings as default.

4. Press the right arrow again to enter the "Power" settings. Here you can set up what happens when you hold the power button down for 4 seconds, or the temperature at which your computer will automatically shut down.

5. Press right again to enter the "Boot" options. Set up the boot options here choosing the order of drives that the BIOS loads after the computer starts up. If you want to boot from a CD make sure that before the "IDE Hard Drive" your "ATAPI CD-ROM" is set.

6. Press "F10" to save and exit your BIOS settings and continue to boot up.

Tags: Press right, your computer, again enter, computer starts, enter BIOS, options Here

Install An Asus Silent Knight On An Asus M2ne Sli Motherboard

Attach your Asus Silent Night to your motherboard.

The Asus Silent Night is an aftermarket CPU cooler for gamers, overclockers and hardware enthusiasts. Installing a CPU cooler is probably the trickiest part of a custom computer build, and it's not made any easier by adding an oversized cooler like this one. Before attempting an installation, you need to be very familiar with your computer's hardware and PC upgrades in general; if you didn't build the computer you're working on, it's probably best to leave it to a technician. You will need to carefully position the computer case to get the best angle and leverage for each step.

Instructions

1. Turn off your computer and remove all power and data cables. Place the computer on a clean and stable table. Use the Phillips screwdriver to remove the screws holding the left and right access panels in place. Remove both panels and set them aside.

2. Remove the stock CPU cooler screws from your Asus M2N-E SLI motherboard with your fingers or the Phillips screwdriver. Note the location of the mounting holes. Remove the cooler's power plug from the motherboard, pull the stock cooler out and set it aside.

3. Find the AM2 front and back support plates in the Silent Knight retail packaging. (There are six different sets of plates in total--MAKE SURE that you have the AMD AM2 socket plates. No other plates will work with your Asus M2N-E SLI motherboard.) Screw the back support plate into the support holes on the back of the motherboard, directly behind the CPU bay. Do not attempt to drill your own holes; only use the ones already set into the motherboard.

4. Screw the front mounting plate in place around the top of the CPU bay. If there are any internal power or data cables in the vicinity of the CPU bay, move them aside or unplug them. Make a note of their correct location for later reassembly.

5. Remove any dried thermal paste from the top of the CPU with a coin or razor blade. Place a pea-sized drop of fresh thermal paste on top of the CPU.

6. Set the Silent Knight cooler down onto the CPU, aligning the contact plate with the CPU itself and the mounting holes with their corresponding holes on the mounting plate. Screw the cooler onto the mounting plate. Attach the cooler power cord in place on the motherboard.

7. Replace any internal power or data cables removed during the installation. Place the right and left access panels back in place and replace their screws. Reattach all power and data cables to your computer and turn it on.

Tags: data cables, power data, power data cables, Asus Silent, mounting plate

Use Msi Mflash

Use MSI M-Flash

MSI, or Micro-Star International, a Taiwan-based company established in 1986, manufactures motherboards, graphics cards and other computer hardware. Every motherboard part of the MSI AM3 series and every motherboard in the MSI Eclipse series built with an X58 chipset features M-Flash technology.

M-Flash technology allows a user to conveniently flash, or upgrade, the BIOS from the CMOS Setup Utility. M-Flash can also backup a user's BIOS to a flash drive, allowing the user to restore the system in case the BIOS becomes damaged.

Instructions

Backup BIOS

1. Connect a USB flash drive to your computer. Turn on the computer and press the key as shown on the screen to go to the CMOS Setup Utility.

2. Use the arrow keys to select "M-Flash." Press "Enter" to open the menu. Scroll to "Save File to Selected Device."

3. Use the "+" and "-" keys to choose a backup folder. Press "Enter." Scroll to "Start to save file." Press "Enter."

4. Highlight "OK" if the message "The filename already exist. Overwrite it?" appears. Press "Enter."

5. Highlight "OK" if the message "ROM Image has been saved to media successfully" appears. Press "Enter." Press "Esc" to exit from the BIOS.

Update BIOS

6. Insert a flash drive into a USB port. Go to the MSI website (see the Resources). Click "Downloads."

7. Select your product information from the menus located beneath the heading "Manually Download."

8. Select "BIOS" from the options. Save the latest BIOS revision to your computer. Double-click the ZIP file to view its contents.

9. Drag-and-drop the files onto your flash drive. Restart your computer. Press the key as shown on the boot screen to go to the CMOS Setup Utility.

10. Use the arrow keys to highlight "M-Flash." Press "Enter" to open the menu. Go to "M-Flash function as."

11. Use the "+" and "-" keys to change the value from "Disabled" to "BIOS Update." Press "Enter." The MSI motherboard will detect the BIOS update on your USB flash drive.

12. Select the latest BIOS update saved to your flash drive. Press "Enter."

13. Select "I want flash BIOS." Press "Enter" and the MSI BIOS will automatically update your BIOS to the latest revision. The computer will restart after flashing the BIOS.

Tags: Press Enter, flash drive, CMOS Setup, CMOS Setup Utility, Setup Utility, your computer, your flash

Open An Hp Laptop & Replace The Fan

Learn to open your HP laptop and replace the CPU cooling fan.

Every laptop comes built with a dedicated cooling fan. Hewlett-Packard (HP) laptops are no different. The cooling fan's purpose is to regulate the temperature of the CPU, or processor chip. If the fan goes bad, the CPU will overheat causing severe damage to the motherboard and any hardware devices nearby. This is why it is important to regularly clean your CPU fan. An excessive build-up of dust and debris will eventually cause your CPU fan to stop working.

Instructions

1. Shut down your laptop, and disconnect all power sources from the laptop. Close the LCD screen, and place the laptop face down.

2. Remove the Phillips-head screws securing the hard drive cover in the bottom right corner of the laptop. Remove the cover from the laptop. Remove any Phillips-head screws securing the hard drive to its compartment. Slide the hard drive to the right, and then remove the hard drive from the laptop.

3. Locate the large RAM and wireless card cover in the center of the laptop. Remove its retaining Phillips-head screws. Remove the cover from the laptop. Spread the retaining latches on each side of the RAM module. Tilt the module at an angle and slide it out of the RAM compartment. Repeat this step for every module removed.

4. Disconnect the two antenna cables from the wireless card. Remove the two Phillips-head screws securing the wireless card to the motherboard. Remove the wireless card from the laptop. Remove the small CMOS battery from its compartment.

5. Locate the CD/DVD drive to the left of the RAM compartment. Remove the drive's single retaining Phillips-head screw from the upper left corner of the RAM compartment. Grasp the face of the drive, and slide it out of its compartment. Remove all remaining Phillips-head screws from the laptop's bottom casing. There may be as many as 30 screws depending on the laptop model.

6. Flip the laptop over, and then pull open the LCD screen. Insert a flat-head screwdriver beneath the right side of the keyboard bezel strip situated above the keyboard. Pry up the bezel strip, but don't remove it completely. It has two cables attached to it that need to be disconnected later. Place the bezel face down over the laptop's work surface so it is not obstructing your access to the keyboard.

7. Remove any Phillips-head screws securing the keyboard in place, if necessary. Grasp the top edge of the keyboard. Lift the keyboard out of its compartment, and place it face down over the trackpad. Disconnect the keyboard's ribbon cable from the motherboard. Remove the keyboard from the laptop.

8. Locate the black ribbon cables coming out of the left side of the bezel strip. Disconnect them from the motherboard. Remove the bezel strip from the laptop.

9. Locate and disconnect the LCD video cable coming out of the left side of the LCD screen. Remove the Phillips-head screws from each LCD hinge, and then remove the LCD panel from the laptop.

10. Locate the touchpad cable above the touchpad area. Disconnect the cable from the motherboard. Remove all remaining Phillips-head screws from the laptop's upper casing. Insert a guitar pick into the gap along the outside edge of the laptop separating the top and bottom casing. Pry up the top casing with the guitar pick. Remove the top casing from the laptop.

11. Disconnect all cables attached to the motherboard. Remove the Phillips-head screws securing the motherboard to the laptop's bottom casing. Lift the motherboard slowly out of the laptop base, while inspecting the bottom side of the motherboard for any attached cables. Disconnect any remaining cables attached to the bottom side of the motherboard.

12. Lift the motherboard out of the laptop, and flip it over. Place the motherboard on a soft, clean surface. Locate the cooling fan assembly. Remove the retaining Phillips-head screws. Disconnect the fan's power cable from the motherboard. Remove the fan from the motherboard.

13. Reverse this entire procedure to install the replacement fan.

Tags: from laptop, Phillips-head screws, motherboard Remove, Remove Phillips-head, Remove Phillips-head screws, from motherboard, Phillips-head screws securing

What Is My Motherboard & Processor

A processor is just one piece of hardware that connects to the motherboard.

A computer's motherboard and processor are its two most basic pieces. A motherboard is so named because every piece of hardware connects to it, including the processor.

Motherboard

A computer's motherboard is similar conceptually to a car's chassis in that all of the computer's other parts connect to it. The motherboard is covered with slots for different types of cards as well as RAM. Many wires that provide power to the various devices plug into the motherboard.

Processor

If the motherboard can be compared to the computer's chassis, the processor can be compared to its engine. The processor plugs in to the motherboard and literally gives it the power to process data. The speed of the computer depends upon the speed and power of the processor.

Compatibility

Although the processor and the motherboard do not necessarily have to be the same brand, they do have to be compatible. A given make of motherboard can only be paired with certain brands and speeds of processors.

Tags: computer motherboard, piece hardware

Intel Core 2 Quad Processor Compared To A Dual Processor

The Intel Core 2 Quad CPU contains four processing cores.

Modern Intel CPUs (Central Processing Units) can include multiple cores on the chip. These cores let the CPU distribute tasks and perform those tasks simultaneously. The Core 2 Quad processor is different from a dual-core processor in several ways.

Core 2 Quad (C2Q) Basics

As the product's name suggests, the CPU contains four processing cores. Having twice as many cores as a dual-core processor means the C2Q is faster than a dual-core -- as long as the data being sent to the chip is designed to be handled by more than two cores.

Parallel Processing

Most software is not designed to recognize more than one processor core, although this is changing, particularly with 3D games. If the computer has more processing cores than the software knows handle, those extra cores will go unused.

Die Size and Power Consumption

Core 2 Quad processors built on a 45 nanometer (nm) die size consume up to 65 watts of power, the same as an Intel Core 2 Duo. However, comparable AMD CPUs such as the Phenom II X2 consume about 10% more power.

Heat

Since the 45nm Intel Core 2 Quad CPUs consume less electricity, they generate less heat than comparable AMD dual-core CPUs.

Price

In general, a dual-core processor will cost substantially less than a Core 2 Quad, since there is less circuitry involved with a dual-core and they are easier to manufacture.

Tags: Core Quad, Intel Core, dual-core processor, Intel Core Quad, processing cores, contains four

Replace An Hp Motherboard

Your HP motherboard can be replaced with another compatible brand.

When your motherboard fails or is due for an upgrade, replacing it can either be an expensive task you pay someone else to do, or it can be relatively inexpensive if you do it yourself. Replacing your HP motherboard should only take about an hour, even if you are completely unfamiliar with the process. The important key to remember when handling any electronic component is to remain static free. Any discharge of static electricity between you and a processor or motherboard could damage or even destroy the component.

Instructions

Open Your Case and Remove the Motherboard

1. Unscrew the screws holding your case together in the back using the Phillips screwdriver. Slide your case open.

2. Disconnect the IDE or SATA cables that run from your motherboard to the hard drive(s) and CD/DVD drive(s).

3. Unplug the case leads that usually run from the front or side edge of the motherboard to the interior case. These leads control the power and reset switches as well as the hard drive light and any front USB ports you may have.

4. Unplug all of the power leads from the computer's power supply to the hard drive(s), the CD/DVD drive(s), the processor fan, any case fans and any other components in your system that are drawing power. When you are done you should be able to grab the mass of power cables coming from the power supply and lift all of them up out of the case without anything remaining attached.

5. Unscrew any peripheral devices attached to the back of your system and plugged into the motherboard, such as sound/video cards, Ethernet cards or modems, and gently pull them out of their slots on the motherboard. Lay these cards aside on a soft, static-free cloth.

6. Take your RAM chips out of the case. RAM chips are long, thin, rectangular computer chips that sit in slots perpendicular to the board. You will likely have two to four of them in a perfect row. Lay the RAM aside in the same area where you put your peripheral cards.

7. Unscrew your motherboard from the case. Looking carefully, you should see four to eight screws situated around the motherboard that hold it down against the bottom (or side) of your case. Set all of the screws aside in a safe place once you remove them.

8. Gently lift your old HP motherboard out of the case. If the power supply or hard drives seem to be in the way, you may have to gently maneuver the motherboard around them to get it out. If you cannot get the motherboard out around something like the hard drives or power supply, then use your screwdriver to remove those items from the case as well.

Install Your New Motherboard

9. Gently place your new motherboard in the case, aligning the screw holes to secure it to the case. Note that your motherboard will probably not line up with all of the holes available. As long as it lines up with four of them properly, that will suffice. Use your screwdriver to secure the board to the case.

10. Take the processor and heat sink from your old motherboard (if you are keeping it) and carefully install it in your new board. If you are installing a new processor, follow the instructions that came with it.

11. Install the video/sound or other cards by lining them up with the PCI slots on the back of your new motherboard and sliding them into place. Screw them down.

12. Reattach the leads from the front of the case using the diagram inside the instruction book from your new motherboard to determine which pins connect to such things as power, reset and HDD. Reattach all power leads from the case power supply to your CPU fan, hard drives and CD/DVD drives.

13. Attach the IDE or SATA cables to your hard drives and the motherboard as well as your CD/DVD drives. Close your computer case and restart your computer.

Tags: your motherboard, power supply, hard drives, from case, from your